棉秆营养价值研究及其对绵羊营养物质消化代谢、生长和羊肉安全性的影响  

Nutritional Value of Cotton Stalk and Its Effects on Digestion Metabolism of Nutrients,Growth and Mutton Safety of Sheep

作　　者：张国庆[1,2] 雒秋江[1] 臧长江[1] 李凤鸣[1] 张积荣[2] ZHANG Guoqing 1,2 ,LUO Qiujiang 1, ZANG Changjiang 1, LI Fengming 1, ZHANG Jirong 2(1. Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumchi 830052, China;2. Yili Vocational and Technical College, Yining 835000, Chin)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物营养实验室,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]伊犁职业技术学院,伊宁835000

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2018年第8期3247-3257,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技厅科技支撑项目(201431128)

摘　　要：本研究通过测定棉秆部位比例及其概略养分、绵羊对棉秆消化率、绵羊对棉秆饲粮的自由采食量、消化代谢和饲喂棉秆饲粮对绵羊生长、屠宰性能、羊肉安全的影响,旨在对棉秆的饲料特性、营养价值与棉秆饲粮营养价值及饲喂棉秆饲粮的绵羊羊肉安全性进行综合评价。本研究中试验1测定棉秆不同部位比例及概略养分;试验2在限饲条件下,以差数法测定绵羊对棉秆的表观消化率;试验3采用自身对照设计,以玉米秸秆饲粮为对照,测定绵羊对棉秆饲粮的消化代谢;试验4通过120 d的饲养试验,研究玉米秸秆饲粮和棉秆饲粮对绵羊生长及屠宰性能的影响,并测定棉秆饲粮组绵羊组织样中游离棉酚和主要农药残留含量。结果表明:1)棉秆中粗茎、细枝、叶和棉桃壳比例分别为31.48%、10.99%、17.12%和40.41%,棉秆的有机物、粗蛋白质、纤维素、半纤维素和木质素含量分别为90.03%、6.41%、34.76%、15.58%和10.29%。2)绵羊对棉秆干物质、有机物、粗蛋白质、纤维素、半纤维素、能量、钙和磷的表观消化率分别为38.24%、37.99%、1.58%、60.50%、58.13%、44.05%、57.76%和45.00%,消化能为10.28 M J/kg DM。3)饲喂棉秆饲粮绵羊的有机物、纤维素、能量的表观消化率比玉米秸秆饲粮分别低5.30%(P<0.05)、10.04%(P<0.05)和13.63%(P<0.01),钙、磷表观消化率极显著提高(P<0.01),饲喂2种饲粮绵羊的自由采食量和粗蛋白质表观消化率均无显著差异(P>0.05)。4)饲喂棉秆饲粮和玉米秸秆饲粮的绵羊平均日增重、胴体重和胴体瘦肉重均无显著差异(P>0.05)。饲喂棉秆饲粮的绵羊组织样中游离棉酚及主要农药残留含量的检测结果为均未检出。本研究表明,棉秆中棉桃壳、细枝和叶3部分比例之和约为70%,可采食、可利用部分资源量较大;棉秆是一种能量营养低于玉米秸秆、钙磷营养高于玉米秸秆的粗饲料,其木质素含量较高,粗蛋白To evaluate feed characteristics and nutritional value of cotton stalk and cotton stalk diet, and mutton safety of sheep fed the cotton stalk diet, this study was carried out to investigate effects of cotton stalk parts ratio, approximate nutrients, overall digestibility, free intake, digestion and metabolism of the cotton stalk on growth and slaughter performance, and mutton safety of sheep fed the cotton stalk diet. In experiment 1, the cotton stalk parts ratio and approximate nutrients in cotton stalk were determined. In experiment 2, the apparent digestibility of cotton stalk in sheep was estimated by difference method under restricted feeding. In experiment 3, a corn stalk diet as a control, the digestion and metabolism of cotton stalk diet for sheep was evaluated by self control design. In experiment 4, 120 days of feeding experiment was conducted to study on the effects of the growth and slaughter performance of sheep fed the corn stalk diet and the cotton stalk diet, and the contents of free gossypol and main pesticide residues in sheep tissue samples were determined. The results showed as follows： 1） the ratios of main stem, branches, leaves and cotton boll shell of cotton stalk were 31.48%, 10.99% , 17.12% and 40.41%, respectively. The contents of organic matter, crude protein, cellulose, hemi-cellulose and lignin of cotton stalk were 90.03%, 6.41%, 34.76%, 15.58% and 10.29%, respectively. 2） The apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, cellulose, hemi-cellulose, energy, calcium and phosphorus of cotton stalk for sheep were 38.24%, 37.99%, 1.58%, 60.50%, 58.13%, 44.05%, 57.76% and 45.00%, respectively. The digestible energy of cotton stalk was 10.28 MJ/kg DM. 3） Compared with the corn stalk diet, the apparent digestibility of organic matter, cellulose, energy of sheep fed the cotton stalk diet were lower by 5.30% （ P 〈0.05）, 10.04% （ P 〈0.05） and 13.63% （ P 〈0.01）, respectively, but the apparent digestibility of calcium and phosphorus were, respectiv

关 键 词：棉秆 绵羊 消化代谢 生长 羊肉安全性 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]