低温环境对男运动员脂肪代谢、核心体温及运动能力的影响  

The effects of low temperature on fat metabolism,core temperature and sport ability of male athletes

作　　者：汪宏莉[1] 韩延柏[1] 屈金良 WANG Hongli;HAN Yanbai;QU Jinliang(Institute of Sports and Human Sciences of Shenyang Sports University,Shenyang 110102,Liaoning,China;Liaoning Sports Science Research Institute,Shenyang 110179,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳体育学院运动人体科学学院,辽宁沈阳110102 [2]辽宁省体育科学研究所,辽宁沈阳110179

出　　处：《辽宁体育科技》2018年第4期47-51,共5页Liaoning Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：2016年辽宁省教育厅科学研究项目(项目编号:L2016ST01)

摘　　要：目的:评价低温环境对男运动员脂肪代谢、核心体温及运动能力的影响。方法:采用实验法,低温环境为11℃,常温环境为22℃,相对湿度均为35%。19名男大学生运动员在低温环境和常温环境,分别进行两次递增负荷至力竭的功率自行车运动,起始负荷为30W,每3min增加20W,维持转速65转/min;运动过程中连续收集呼出气体,进行气体代谢分析。结果:低温环境下,运动强度在40~75%VO2max范围内的脂肪氧化率均高于常温环境,最大脂肪氧化率(8.39±2.28mg/min/kg)高于常温环境(5.96±1.47mg/min/kg),最大脂肪氧化率的运动强度(56.3±3.1%VO2max)低于常温环境(65.6±2.4%VO2max),相同运动强度时低温环境运动中的核心体温显著低于常温环境,但心率显著高于常温环境。低温环境下运动员的运动时间(24.3±7.6minvs VS22.6±7.2min)、最大输出功率(213±24WVS208±26W)高于常温环境。结论:低温环境使男运动员运动中的脂肪代谢增强,降低核心体温,提高运动能力。Objective： to evaluate the effects of low temperature on core Temperature, fat metabolism and sport ability of male athletes. Methods： the experimental method was adopted, the low temperature environment was 11℃, the ambient temperature was 22℃, and the relative humidity was 35%. 19 male undergraduate athletes participated in two times of power cycling exercise from incremental load to be exhaustive at low and normal temperatures respectively. The initial load was 30W, 20W was increased every 3minutes, and the rotational rotation rate was maintained at 65 rpm. In the process of sports, exhaled gas was continuously collected for the analysis of gas metabolism. Result： Under low temperature environment, the fat oxidation rate of exercise intensity within the scope of 40-75%VOmax was higher than that of normal temperature environment, the maximum fat oxidation rate （8,39±2.28 mg/min / kg） was higher than that of normal temperature environment （5.96±1.47 mg /min/kg）, and the exercise intensity of maximum fat oxidation rate （56.3±3.1% VO2 max） was lower than that of normal temperature environment （65.6±2.4% V02 max）. At the same exercise intensity, the core temperature in low temperature environment was significantly lower than that in normal temperature environment, but the heart rate was significantly higher than that in normal temperature environment. Athletes＇ exercise time （24.3±7.6 min VS 22.6±7.2 min） and maximum output power （213±24 VS 208±26W） in low temperature environment were higherthan those in normal temperature environment. Conclusion： The low temperature environment makes the fat metabolism of male athletes increase, core temperature reduce and the sports ability improve when doing sports.

关 键 词：低温环境 运动员 脂肪代谢 核心体温 运动能力 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]