细菌性多糖蛋白结合疫苗免疫应答机制的研究进展  

Advances on immune response mechanisms of bacterial glyco-conjugate vaccines

作　　者：程亚慧 沈荣 乔瑞洁 CHENG Ya-hui;SHEN Rong;QIAO Rui-jie(First Department of Research,Lanzhou Institute of Biological Products Co.,Ltd.,Center for Gansu Provincial Vaccine Engineering Research,Lanzhou 730046,Gansu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州生物制品研究所有限责任公司第一研究室甘肃省疫苗工程技术研究中心,甘肃兰州730046

出　　处：《微生物学免疫学进展》2018年第4期81-86,共6页Progress In Microbiology and Immunology

基　　金：重大新药创制(2013ZX09402302)

摘　　要：细菌性多糖蛋白结合疫苗是一类重要的、安全有效的预防疫苗。目前该疫苗在控制由流感嗜血杆菌、肺炎链球菌和脑膜炎奈瑟菌等引起的感染性疾病中已取得了巨大的成功,尤其是针对两岁以下的婴幼儿。然而,由于缺乏对其免疫激活机制的了解,多糖蛋白结合疫苗仍存在一些问题,如在高危人群中免疫原性较低。因此,了解细菌性多糖蛋白结合疫苗在机体内的免疫应答机制至关重要,以便设计更为合理的疫苗。传统的免疫机制认为,T淋巴细胞活化是由提呈的多肽诱导,即多糖蛋白结合物中载体蛋白部分的加工产物。近年来,已发现T细胞识别多糖的新机制,显示多糖蛋白结合疫苗的多糖部分积极参与T细胞活化。现就近年来细菌性多糖蛋白结合疫苗免疫应答机制的相关研究作一概述。Bacterial glyco-conjugate vaccine is a type of important,safe and effective vaccines in prevention and control of the related infective diseases. At present,this type of vaccines have achieved great success in controlling infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae,Streptococcus pneumoniae,Neisseria meningitidis,etc.,especially for infants under 2 years of age. However,due to lack of understanding of its immune activation mechanisms,glyco-conjugate vaccines still have some problems,particularlly for a low immunogenicity in high-risk populations. Therefore,it is important to thoroughly understand the immune response mechanisms of glyco-conjugate vaccines in vivo so as to design a more reasonable vaccine. The traditional immune mechanism suggests that T lymphocyte activation is induced by the presented polypeptides,that is the processed component of the carrier protein fraction in the glyco-conjugates. In recent years,a new mechanism has been found that T cell can recognize polysaccharides,and indicated polysaccharide portions in glyco-cojugate vaccines actively involved in T cell activation. This paper will present a brief review in recent studies on the immune mechanisms of bacterial glyco-conjugate vaccines.

关 键 词：多糖蛋白结合疫苗 机制 抗原提呈 细胞免疫应答 

分 类 号：Q539[生物学—生物化学]