遗传和环境对掌叶大黄功效成分含量的影响研究  

Genotype,environment and their interactions of functional components in Rheum palmatum

作　　者：孟磊[1] 胡会娟 商彤[1] 田文仓 张明明 李永杰[1] 李莉[2,3] 魏胜利 MENG Lei;HU Hui-juan;SHANG Tong;TIAN Wen-cang;ZHANG Ming-ming;LI Yong-jie;LI Li;WEI Sheng-li(School of Chinese Pharmacy,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 102488,China;Beijing Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University,Beijing 100035,China;Beijing Institute of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100035,China;Engineering Research Center of Good Agricultural Practice for Chinese Crude Drugs,Ministry of Education,Beijing 102488,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学中药学院,北京102488 [2]首都医科大学附属北京中医医院,北京100035 [3]北京市中药研究所,北京100035 [4]中药材规范化生产教育部工程研究中心,北京102488

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2018年第12期2495-2502,共8页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31570331;31170307);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1700702)

摘　　要：以采自四川、宁夏、甘肃、陕西的8个掌叶大黄种源为试验材料,采用随机区组设计,分别在四川若尔盖、甘肃宕昌和河北沽源3个试验点布置种源试验,采用HPLC测定含量。探讨遗传与环境及互作效应对掌叶大黄游离蒽醌、结合蒽醌、酚酸类和二蒽酮苷类4类功效组分（包含14种功效成分）含量的影响,为掌叶大黄人工栽培中优质产地和种源的筛选提供理论依据。结果表明遗传和环境对掌叶大黄不同功效成分含量影响同时存在,其中酚酸类成分含量主要受环境因素影响,其他3类功效成分受环境和遗传共同主导,环境因素所占比重较大。因此,提高栽培掌叶大黄的质量应优先考虑环境,再选择种源。四川种植环境可能有利于掌叶大黄游离蒽醌类成分含量的积累,甘肃种植环境可能有利于结合蒽醌类、酚酸类和二蒽酮苷类成分含量的积累。根据功效组分含量和比例初步推断,种源P2可作为潜在的清热解毒专用药材的种质,种源P6可作为潜在的逐瘀通经专用药材的种质,种源P7和P1可作为潜在的泻下攻积功效专用药材的种质,上述结论为特种用途的大黄优良品种定向培育提供参考。Eight kinds of provenance of Rheum palmatum collected from 4 provinces Sichuan,Ningxia,Gansu,Shannxi as test materials,which were transplanted under 3 different environments by using complete randomized block design with three replicates. The contents of the chemical components was determined by HPLC. This study aimed at analyzing the effect of genotype,environment and their interactions on the 4 kinds of functional components（ phenolic acids,bianthrone,free anthraquinones and combined anthraquinones） in 14 kinds of active components of R. palmatum,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the selection of cultivated R. palmatum in high quality producing area and excellent provenance. The functional components of R. palmatum were influenced by genotype and environment. The content of phenolic acids was mainly influenced by environment,and the other three kinds of functional components were affected by environment and their interactions. The proportion of environment was larger. The cultivation quality of R. palmatum should give priority to environment,then choose a provenance. Sichuan may be beneficial in accumulation of free anthraquinones in R. palmatum,Gansu may facilitate the binding of combined anthraquinone,phenolic acids and bianthrone content. Preliminary inference based on the content and proportion of efficacy components,P2 could be potential special medicinal germplasm that have function of heat-clearing and detoxifying drugs. P6 could be potential special medicinal germplasm that activate blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis. P7 and P1 could all be potential specialmedicinal germplasms that exist diarrhea attack characters. The results of this study have important guiding significance for the production of rhubarb precision medicinal materials.

关 键 词：种源 遗传 环境 大黄 功效组分 定向培育 

分 类 号：S567.2[农业科学—中草药栽培]