国内外隧道火灾临界风速研究综述  

Domestic and International Research on the Critical Velocity of Fires in Tunnels

作　　者：王永东[1] 张如[1] 张一龙 WANG Yongdong ZHANG Ru;ZHANG Yilong(School of Highway,Chang＇an University,Xi＇an 710064)

机构地区：[1]长安大学公路学院,西安710064

出　　处：《现代隧道技术》2018年第4期14-24,共11页Modern Tunnelling Technology

基　　金：交通运输部建设科技项目(2013 318 802 400);长安大学科技发展基金项目(2008Z05);河南省交通运输厅科技项目(2017Z4)

摘　　要：为了促进隧道防火救灾研究的发展,文章系统地梳理了火灾临界风速的研究现状,简述了火灾临界风速的定义和研究方法,介绍了国内外对火灾临界风速的研究进展情况。文章重点叙述了关于火源热释放率、燃料类型、火源尺寸、火源位置、纵向风温度、隧道阻塞比、隧道纵向坡度、隧道断面形状、隧道线形曲率、有无喷淋系统、高海拔、临界风速的判别条件、排烟模式等诸多因素对火灾临界风速影响的研究成果,并探讨了今后研究火灾临界风速需要注意的问题,以期为隧道防火救灾研究提供帮助。In order to promote the development of highway tunnel fire disaster prevention and rescue, research of the critical velocity of fire is analyzed systematically. A definition of fire critical velocity is established, research methods are described and the domestic and international research progress is reviewed. The research results are introduced concerning the effects of influential factors such as fire source heat release rate, fuel type, fire source dimensions, fire source position, and temperature of the longitudinal wind, cases with and without sprinkler systems, high altitude, identification conditions for critical wind speed and smoke extraction modes, as well as characteristics of the tunnel such as blockage ratio, longitudinal gradient, section form, and linear curvature. The issues concerning the critical velocity of fire in further research are discussed, providing a reference for academic research on tunnel fire disaster prevention and rescue.

关 键 词：隧道工程 火灾临界风速 影响因素 研究现状 综述 

分 类 号：U453.5[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]