脱落酸(ABA)促进果实着色研究进展  

Advances in ABA promoting fruit coloration

作　　者：马文瑶 程大伟[1] 顾红[1] 黄海娜[1] 陈锦永 杨英军[2] MA Wenyao;CHENG Dawei;GU Hong;HUANG Haina;CHEN Jinyong;YANG Yingjun(Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute of CAAS,Zhengzhou 450009,Henan,China;Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,郑州450009 [2]河南科技大学,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《果树学报》2018年第8期1016-1026,共11页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：河南省科技攻关(172102110255);河南省大宗水果产生体系(S2014-11);郑州市水果(葡萄;草莓等)产业体系

摘　　要：着色状况是衡量果实成熟程度和质量优劣的重要评价指标。影响果实着色的因素诸多,其中生长调节物质是影响果实着色的因素之一,笔者对生长调节物质脱落酸(abscisic acid,ABA)影响果实着色的研究进行综述,主要包括ABA影响葡萄、草莓、苹果、桃等果实着色的作用时间、浓度及分子生物学机制,从生理和分子水平阐述ABA促进果实着色机制。详细综述了外源ABA对内源乙烯、ABA等激素的含量及其之间平衡的影响,以及对花色苷合成途径中关键基因和转录因子的影响。旨在通过归纳ABA促进果实着色的研究报道,为外源生长调节物质以及植物内源激素的研究提供参考,为果树高效生产奠定理论基础。Fruit color is a basic evaluation index of maturity and quality. Chlorophyll, carotenoids and flavonoids are the three major coloring pigments. Most immature fruits contain large amounts of chlorophyll. For ripened fruits, the color is primarily composed of flavonoids and carotenoids. Fruits showing either red or purple color are primarily determined by the anthocyanins which are a group of important flavonoids and synthesized by a series of intermediate products. Anthocyanins occur abundantly as glycosides. Different anthocyanin glycoside types determine different fruit colors. With the fruit ripening,the chlorophyll content decreases and the anthocyanin content gradually increases. The fruit coloring process is not only controlled by genetic factors but also regulated by light, temperature, plant growth regulators and other external factors. Abrupt environmental condition changes can cause poor color, and reduce the value of the product. It is therefore necessary to take effective measures to promote the coloring for some fruits. Applying growth regulators is a convenient and quick method. Abscisic acid（ABA）,as an important plant hormone, which plays an important regulatory role in the maturation of climacteric and non-climacteric fruits, and can effectively promote fruit coloring and improve fruit quality. Currently, ABA is widely used to improve grape fruit quality and nutrition in the United States and Japan. It is being used to improve the coloring of grapes, peaches, litchis, oranges, and strawberries in China. According to a research report, the concentration of endogenous ABA significantly increases after ripening. Spraying exogenous ABA during the color-change period increases the accumulation of the anthocyanins and antioxidant ability of the fruit. Exogenous application of ABA promotes fruit coloration and maturation by affecting the balance and endogenous levels of ethylene, ABA, IAA, GA and ZR. The biosynthesis of anthocyanins is regulated by a variety of enzymes. Exogenous ABA can promote thesy

关 键 词：果实 ABA 调控 着色 花色苷 

分 类 号：S66[农业科学—果树学]