生防芽孢杆菌VD18R19在香草兰上定殖动态及其对香草兰根(茎)腐病的田间生防效果  

Colonization Dynamics and Biocontrol Effect of Bacillus Subtilis VD18R19Against Fusarium Wilt Disease of Vanilla

作　　者：高圣风[1,2] 刘爱勤 桑利伟[1,2] 苟亚峰 孙世伟[1,2] 王政 孟倩倩[1,2] GAO Shengfeng;LIU Aiqin;SANG Liwei;GOU Yafeng;SUN Shiwei;WANG Zheng;MENG Qianqian(Spice and Beverage Research Institute,CATAS,Wanning,Hainan 571533;Hainan Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Quality Regulation for Tropical Spice and Beverage Crops,Wanning,Hainan,571533)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院香料饮料研究所,海南万宁571533 [2]海南省热带香辛饮料作物遗传改良与品质调控重点实验室,海南万宁571533

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2018年第7期57-61,66,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项资金(No.1630142018015)

摘　　要：为考察生防菌株Bacillus subtilis VD18R19在香草兰上的定殖动态及其对香草兰根(茎)腐病的田间生防效果。首先通过荧光显微镜观测VD18R19在香草兰上定殖位点的空间分布情况,然后采用菌落计数方法分析该菌株在香草兰上定殖数量的时间变化动态;最后通过田间试验检测VD18R19在自然发病的条件下对香草兰根(茎)腐病的生防效果。结果发现:(1)VD18R19菌株在香草兰根系定殖数量最多,在叶片表面较少,在茎蔓表面最少;(2)在灌根处理后的45 d中,该菌株在香草兰根系上定殖数量变动不大,定殖密度保持在106CFU/g水平。(3)在自然发病的情况下,该菌株对苗圃中香草兰根(茎)腐病的防效达67.08%,显著好于多菌灵和清水对照。此外,生防菌处理能够显著促进香草兰生长,新抽茎蔓长度相对清水对照增长70.34%。总之,生防芽孢杆菌VD18R19可以在香草兰根际长期高水平定殖,能够有效防控香草兰根(茎)腐病并对香草兰生长具有明显促进作用。This study aimed to monitor the colonization dynamics of B. subtilis VD18 R19 in vanilla and analyzed the biocontrol effect of the strain VD18 R19 against fusarium wilt disease infecting vanilla. The colonization site distribution of the strain VD18 R19 was monitored by fluorescence microscopy using Green Fluorescent Protein（GFP） mark. The temporal dynamic change of colonizing populations in vanilla were detected by plate count. The biocontrol of the strain VD18 R19 against Fusarium wilt disease infecting vanilla naturally was tested in the field. The results showed that the most fluorescent cells of the strain VD18 R19 were observed on the surface of the roots of vanilla, much less on the leaves, and few on the stem. The strain VD18 R19 was colonized on the rhizosphere of vanilla at a high population level（106 CFU/g） without much change in the experiment within 45 days of treatment. In the nursery test, the disease severity in the strain VD18 R19 treatment was significantly reduced when compared with that of the carbendazim treatment and water control, and it had a controlling efficiency of upto 67.08%. In addition, the strain VD18 R19 treatment improved the vine growth of vanilla by 70.34%, as compared with the water control. In conclusion, the strain VD18 R19 was well colonized in the root and performed good biocontrol activity against fusarium wilt disease infecting vanilla.

关 键 词：枯草芽孢杆菌 香草兰 定殖 生物防治 促生长 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S435.73[农业科学—植物保护]