唐山市大气中多环芳烃污染特征及其影响因素研究  

Study on the pollution characteristics and influencing factors of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the atmosphere of Tangshan

作　　者：王燚烊 周君 王瑞福[2] WANG Yi-yang;ZHOU Jun;WANG Rui-fu(School of Public Health,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan,Hebei 063000,Chin)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学公共卫生学院,河北唐山063000 [2]唐山市疾病预防控制中心,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2018年第16期2915-2919,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨唐山市大气PM2.5中多环芳烃(PAHs)的污染特征以及气象因素对多环芳烃总浓度的影响。方法收集唐山市监测点2014年8月-2017年7月PM2.5监测数据、气象条件等资料,对PM2.5进行成分分析,运用统计学方法对PM2.5和PAHs的污染水平进行描述,研究大气中多环芳烃浓度的季节变化趋势,利用Pearson和多元线性逐步回归法分析16种多环芳烃总浓度与气象因素的相关性。结果大气PM2.5中PAHs的浓度月均值在冬季最高,为229.50ng/m3;夏季最低,为16.37 ng/m3,全年呈"凹"形分布;PM2.5超标日的PAHs总浓度高于非超标日,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);16种PAHs总浓度随着PM2.5浓度的增加而增加;不同季节PAHs组分中的4~6环均占16种多环芳烃总浓度的90%以上,在对16种PAHs总浓度影响的气象因素中,平均温度占绝对优势,其次为平均气压。结论唐山市冬季PAHs的污染较为严重,应加强冬季PM2.5中多环芳烃(PAHs)污染的控制,尤其是高环(4~6)PAHs组分的控制以减少对人群产生的健康危害。Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the pollution characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） in atmospheric PM2.5 and the effects of meteorological factors on the total concentration of PAHs in Tangshan.Methods The data of PM2.5 and meteorological conditions from August 2014 to July 2017 were collected from monitoring sites in Tangshan city. The composition of PM2.5 was analyzed, while the pollution levels of PM2.5 and PAHs were described using statistical methods. The seasonal variation trend of concentrations of PAHs in the atmosphere was studied, and the correlation between the total PAHs concentrations and meteorological factors was analyzed using Pearson and multiple linear stepwise regression methods. Results The monthly mean concentration of PAHs in atmospheric PM2.5 was the highest in winter, which was 229.50 ng/m^3. The lowest in summer was 16.37 ng/m^3, and it had a ＂concave＂ distribution throughout the year. The total PAHs concentration of PM2.5 exceeded the standard day was higher than that of the non-standard day, and the difference was statistically significant（P 〈0.001）. The total concentration of the 16 species of PAHs increased with the increase of PM2.5 concentration. The 4-6 rings in the PAHs components in different seasons accounted for more than 90% of the total concentration of 16 species of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Among the meteorological factors affecting the total concentration of the 16 kinds of PAHs, the average temperature was dominant, followed by the average pressure. Conclusion The pollution of PAHs in Tangshan was more serious in winter. The control of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs）pollution in PM2.5 should be strengthened in winter, especially the control of multiple ring（4-6） PAHs components to reduce the health hazards to the population.

关 键 词：多环芳烃 细颗粒物 污染特征 影响因素 

分 类 号：R122.2[医药卫生—环境卫生学] R181.34[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]