2008-2017年湖北省乙型脑炎减毒活疫苗疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析  

Analysis on surveillance data for adverse events following immunization of the Japanese encephalitis attenuated live vaccine(JEV-L) in Hubei Province between 2008 and 2017

作　　者：王四全[1] 王雷[1] 罗玉娥[1] 蔡碧[1] 李宁[1] 张迟[1] WANG Si-quan;WANG Lei;LUO Yu-e;CAI Bi;LI Ning;ZHANG Chi(Hubei Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hubei,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省疾病预防控制中心,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2018年第16期3026-3030,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2008-2017年湖北省乙型脑炎减毒活疫苗(Japanese Encephalitis Attenuated Live Vaccine,JEV-L)接种后疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse Events Following Immunization,AEFI)的发生特征,评价JEV-L疫苗安全性。方法采用描述流行病学方法对湖北省2008-2017年AEFI信息管理系统JEV-L接种后AEFI个案数据进行分析。结果湖北省2008-2017年共报告JEV-L接种后AEFI个案5 738例,报告发生率51.54/10万剂。一般反应占95.09%,异常反应占4.43%;男女性别比为1.23∶1,1岁以下和2岁组儿童分别占59.41%和24.82%,夏、秋2季报告病例分别占34.47%和33.13%;83.17%的AEFI病例接种至反应发生时间间隔<1 d;所有AEFI中仅有1例(脑炎和脑膜炎病例)有后遗症。一般反应以发热、红肿、硬结为主;异常反应以过敏性皮疹为主,严重异常反应以热性惊厥为主,其他严重异常反应报告发生率均较低;近年来热性惊厥报告发生率有逐年升高趋势。结论 AEFI以一般反应为主,异常反应占比较低,严重异常反应较少见,湖北省JEV-L疫苗安全性良好,但仍需关注热性惊厥、神经系统脑病等严重异常反应的发生。Objective To analyze the occurrence features of adverse events following immunization（AEFI） of JEV-L in Hubei,2008-2017, and to evaluate the safety of vaccines. Methods Use descriptive epidemiology method to analyze the AEFI data from 2008 to 2017 in Hubei, and the AEFI data were collected through AEFI information management system. Results From2008 to 2017, 5738 AEFI cases were reported, and the incidence rate was 51.54 per 100,000 doses. In all cases, 95.09%were common vaccine reactions, and 4.43% were rare vaccine reactions. Male and female ratio was 1.23：1. 59.41% cases were under 1-year old and 24.82% were 2 years old. The cases in summer and autumn accounted for 34.47% and 33.13%.83.17% cases occurred within 1 day after vaccination.Only 1 case had sequelae. The main symptoms of common vaccine reactions were fever, local swelling and indurations. The main diagnosis of rare vaccine reactions and serious rare vaccine reactions ware allergic rash and febrile convulsion. The other serious rare vaccine reactions had low incidence rates.Conclusion The main AEFI cases were common vaccine reactions cases, rare vaccine reactions cases accounted for a lower proportion, and serious rare vaccine reactions cases were rare. The safety of JEV-L was good, but the surveillance should focus on febrile convulsion, nervous system encephalopathy and other serious rare vaccine reactions.

关 键 词：疑似预防接种异常反应 监测 乙型脑炎减毒活疫苗 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]