深圳市宝安区2007-2013年出生儿童接种1剂次水痘减毒活疫苗的保护效果评价  

Effectiveness of one-dose live attenuated varicella vaccine among children born in 2007-2013 in Baoan District of Shenzhen City

作　　者：彭敬[1] 饶东平[1] 张定梅[2] 叶发忠[1] PENG Jing;RAO Dong-ping;ZHANG Ding-mei;YE Fa-zhong(Baoan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518101,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市宝安区疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518101 [2]中山大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2018年第9期1068-1070,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的评价深圳市宝安区2007-2013年出生儿童接种1剂次水痘减毒活疫苗的保护效果。方法获取深圳市宝安区2008-2016年水痘发病情况,选取其中2007-2013年出生儿童,其水痘免疫史从《深圳市免疫规划信息管理系统》中导出。计算水痘发病率、水痘疫苗接种率及疫苗保护效果。结果深圳市宝安区2007-2013年出生儿童水痘病例5 575例,突破病例833例,占14.94%。2007-2013年各年出生儿童水痘疫苗接种率逐年上升,随着水痘疫苗接种率升高,发病率下降,两者呈负相关(r=-0.963,P=0.000)。对2007年出生儿童接种1剂水痘疫苗的保护效果进行估算,总VE为74.42%(95%CI:71.30%~78.50%);接种后≤3年、接种4~5年、≥6年的VE分别为95.40%(95%CI:93.40%~96.70%)、90.80%(95%CI:88.30%~92.90%)、81.61%(95%CI:77.90%~84.60%),随着免疫后时间的延长,VE呈下降趋势(χ~2趋势=62.889,P=0.000)。结论深圳市宝安区2007-2013年出生儿童接种1剂次水痘减毒活疫苗的保护效果会逐年下降,实施2剂次水痘疫苗免疫策略十分必要。Objective To evaluate the immune effect of one dose of live attenuated varicella vaccine（ Var V） among children born in 2007-2013 in Baoan District of Shenzhen City. Methods The incidence of varicella in Shenzhen City during 2008-2016 and Var V vaccination information of children born in 2007-2013 were collected from the Immunization Program Information Management System in Shenzhen. The incidence rate of varicella,coverage rate of Var V and vaccine effectiveness（ VE） were determined. Results There were 5,575 cases of varicella reported among children born in 2007-2013 in Baoan District of Shenzhen City,including 833 break-through varicella cases（ 14.94%）. The coverage rates of Var V in children born in 2007-2013 in Baoan District of Shenzhen City increased year by year. The incidence rates of varicella decreased with the increasing coverage rates of Var V,showing a negative correlation（ r =-0.963,P = 0.000）. The total estimated VE of one dose of Var V among children born in 2007 was 74.42%（ 95%CI： 71.30%-78.50%）,and VE for ≤3,4-5,and ≥ 6 years after vaccination was 95.40%（ 95%CI：93.40%-96.70%）,90.80%（ 95%CI： 88.30%-92.90%）,81.61%（ 95%CI： 77.90%-84.60%） respectively. VE showed a downward trend with increasing time after vaccination（ χ~2 tendency= 62.889,P = 0.000）. Conclusions VE of one-dose Var V among children born in 2007-2013 in Baoan District of Shenzhen City decreased with time. A two-dose Var V vaccination schedule were strongly recommended.

关 键 词：水痘减毒活疫苗 保护效果 儿童 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]