PVC用硬脂酸季戊四醇酯的工艺优化及性能研究  

Study on Process Optimization and Properties of Pentaerythritol Stearate for PVC

作　　者：曹慧娟 陈庆华 廖正福[1] Cao Huijuan;Chen Qinghua;Liao Zhengfu(School of Materials and Energy,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,china)

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学材料与能源学院

出　　处：《塑料科技》2018年第8期110-115,共6页Plastics Science and Technology

基　　金：广东省教育部产学研项目(2013B090600011);广东省科学基金(2014A030313513)

摘　　要：通过调整硬脂酸与季戊四醇的配比合成了4种硬脂酸季戊四醇酯,并分别与钙锌热稳定剂复配用于硬质聚氯乙烯（PVC）中。探讨了催化剂种类及用量、反应时间、温度及带水剂用量对酯化反应的影响。结果表明：季戊四醇单硬脂酸酯的最佳合成工艺为,以对甲苯磺酸为催化剂,其用量为醇酸总质量的0.25%;以甲苯为带水剂,其用量为醇酸总质量的10%;反应温度170℃,反应时间2 h。通过刚果红实验法、转矩流变仪法和烘箱老化法对复合热稳定剂的动态热稳定性能和静态热稳定性能进行了检测。结果显示,季戊四醇单硬脂酸酯与钙锌复合体系的协同效果最好,表现出较好的长期热稳定性能及润滑性能。Four kinds of pentaerythritol stearates were synthesized by adjusting the ratio of stearic acid and pentaerythritol, and were respectively combined with Ca/Zn stabilizer to be used in rigid PVC. The effects of the type and amount of catalyst, reaction time, reaction temperature and the amount of water-carrying agent on the esterification reaction were discussed. The results show that： the optimum synthesis conditions for synthesizing pentaerythritol monostearate are as follows： paratoluenesulfonic acid is used as the catalyst in an amount of 0.25% of the total mass of the pentaerythritol and stearic acid, toluene as the water-bearing agent in an amount of 10% of the total mass of the alkyd. The reaction temperature is 170℃, and the reaction time is 2 h. The dynamic thermal stability and static thermal stability of the composites were tested by Congo red test, torque rheometer, and oven aging. The results show that the pentaerythritol monostearate with calcium-zinc composite system has a better synergistic effect, showing a good long-term thermal stability and lubricating properties.

关 键 词：硬脂酸季戊四醇酯 硬质聚氯乙烯 热稳定性 钙锌热稳定剂 

分 类 号：TQ325.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]