改革开放四十年中国农村劳动力流动:变迁、贡献与展望  

China’s Rural Labor Mobility in the 40 Years of Reform and Opening-up: Changes,Contributions and Prospects

作　　者：张广胜[1] 田洲宇 ZHANG Guangsheng;TIAN Zhouyu

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学商学院,沈阳110136 [2]沈阳农业大学经济管理学院,沈阳100866

出　　处：《农业经济问题》2018年第7期23-35,共13页Issues in Agricultural Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:71273179);辽宁省高校创新团队(编号:WT2015009);辽宁省特聘教授支持计划(2013);辽宁省社科基金重点项目(编号:L18AJY007)

摘　　要：改革开放以来中国农村劳动力从限制流动到自由流动,打破了土地对劳动力的桎梏,释放了亿万农村劳动力潜在的经济效能。农村劳动力的自由流动带来了多重红利,国家经济获得了突飞猛进的发展,工业化、城镇化水平快速提升,产业结构持续升级和优化,劳动力个人收入得到了大幅度提升,这一过程将伴随中国经济社会崛起的整个进程。本文回顾了改革开放四十年来农村劳动力流动的历程、特征和市民化进程;对其流动的成因进行了分析,同时对农村劳动力流动为国家经济做出的贡献进行了估计;针对在农村劳动力流动中存在的问题提出了一些政策展望。Since the reform andopening up,the free flow of rural labor force has broken the shackles of landon labor and released the potential economic efficiency of hundreds of millionsof rural labor force. The free flow of rural labor brings multiple dividends： thenational economy obtains the rapid development,the industrialization and theurbanization level promote rapidly,the industrial structure continues toupgrade and optimize,the personal income of the labor force has been greatlyenhanced,and this process will accompany the whole process of China＇s economicand social rise. This paper reviews the procedure,characteristics and processof rural labor flow in the 40 years of reform and opening-up,analyzes thecauses of its flow,and estimates the contribution of rural labor flow to thenational economy,and puts forward some policy implications for the existingproblems.

关 键 词：农村劳动力流动 城镇化 市民化 变迁 

分 类 号：F323.6[经济管理—产业经济]