遗传和环境对唐古特大黄功效成分含量的影响研究  

Genotype,environment and their interactions of functional components in Rheum tanguticum

作　　者：商彤[1] 胡会娟 孟磊[1] 丁一明 李永杰[1] 张明明 李莉[2,3] 魏胜利 SHANG Tong;HU Hui-juan;MENG Lei;DING Yi-ming;LI Yong-jie;ZHANG Ming-ming;LI Li;WEI Sheng-li(School of Chinese Pharmacy,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 102488,China;Beijing Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University,Beijing 100035,China;Beifing Institute of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100035,China;Engineering Research Center of Good Agricultural Practice for Chinese Crude Drugs,Ministry of Education,Beijing 102488,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学中药学院,北京102488 [2]首都医科大学附属北京中医医院,北京100035 [3]北京市中药研究所,北京100035 [4]中药材规范化生产教育部工程研究中心,北京102488

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2018年第11期2246-2253,共8页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31570331,31170307);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1700702)

摘　　要：以采自青海省6个唐古特大黄种源为材料,采用随机区组设计,分别在四川若尔盖、甘肃宕昌和河北沽源3个试验点布置种源试验,采用HPLC测定功效成分含量。探讨遗传与环境及互作效应对唐古特大黄游离蒽醌类、结合蒽醌类、酚酸类和二蒽酮苷类4类功效组分（包含14种功效成分）含量的影响,为大黄人工栽培中优质产地和种源选择提供依据。多点种源试验结果表明遗传和环境对唐古特大黄各功效成分含量影响均达到显著水平（P〈0.05）。其中酚酸类成分含量主要受环境因素的影响,其他3类成分含量受环境和遗传共同影响,其中环境因素所占比重较大。提示优质唐古特大黄的栽培应优先考虑环境,再选择种源。四川产地环境可能有利于唐古特大黄结合蒽醌类成分含量的积累,甘肃产地种植环境可能有利于游离蒽醌类、酚酸类和二蒽酮苷类成分含量的积累。根据功效组分含量和比例初步推断,种源T4可作为潜在的清热解毒和逐瘀通经专用药材的种质,种源T3和T6可作为潜在的泻下攻积专用药材的种质,该研究结果对大黄精准药材生产具有一定的指导意义。Six kinds of provenance of Rheum tanguticum collected from Qinghai province as the test materials,which were transplanted under 3 different environments by using complete randomized block design with three replicates. The contents of the chemical components was determined by HPLC. This study aimed at analyzing the effect of genotype,environment and their interactions on the 4 kinds of functional components（ phenolic acids,bianthrone,free anthraquinones and combined anthraquinones） in 14 kinds of active components of Rh. tanguticum,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the selection of cultivated Rh. tanguticum in high quality producing area and excellent provenance. The provenance trial showed that the genotype and environment influence on the effect of all kinds of functional components in Rh. tanguticum were significant（ P 0. 05）. The content of phenolic acids was mainly influenced by environment,and the other three kinds of functional components were affected by environment and their interactions. The proportion of environment was larger. The cultivation quality of Rh. tanguticum should give priority to environment,then choose a provenance. Sichuan may be beneficial in accumulation of combined anthraquinones in Rh. tanguticum,Gansu may facilitate the binding of free anthraquinone,phenolic acids and bianthrone content. Preliminary inference based on the content and proportion of efficacy components,T4 could be potential special medicinal germplasm that have function of heat-clearing and detoxifying drugs and activate blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis; T3 and T6 could all be potential specialmedicinal germplasms that exist diarrhea attack characters. The results of this study have certain guiding significance for the production of rhubarb precision medicinal materials.

关 键 词：种源 大黄 遗传 环境 功效组分 定向培育 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]