2012—2016年老年医院住院患者主要病原菌分布及耐药监测  

Distribution of Major Pathogenic Bacteria and Drug Resistance Surveillance of Senile Inpatients in the Hospital from 2012 to 2016

作　　者：吴静[1] 连健[1] WU Jing;LIAN Jian(Fujian health Career Technical College,Fuzhou,Fujian Province,351010 China)

机构地区：[1]福建卫生职业技术学院,福建福州351010

出　　处：《中国卫生产业》2018年第22期8-11,共4页China Health Industry

摘　　要：目的了解住院老年患者临床标本细菌耐药情况,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法对2012年8月—2016年7月65岁以上老年患者的1 549份临床标本运用WHO-NET5.4软件进行回顾性统计和分析。结果共分离病原菌832株,其中真菌221株(26.56%),G^-菌371株(44.59%),G^+菌240株(28.85%)。G^-菌按检出率由高到低依次是大肠埃希菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌,均对阿米卡星敏感;G^+菌依次是金黄色葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌、肺炎链球菌、表皮葡萄球菌和屎肠球菌,均对万古霉素敏感。这些细菌对其他药物呈不同程度耐药。结论老年患者体内细菌往往呈泛耐药,且由于身体机能衰退,如何选择敏感且毒副作用较小的抗生素是用药的重点。Objective To know the bacterial resistance of clinical specimens of senile patients thus providing reference for the clinical rational medication. Methods 1 549 pieces of clinical specimens of senile patients aged more than 65 years old in recent from August 2012 to July 2016 were retrospectively counted and analyzed by the WHO-NET5.4 software. Results832 strains of pathological bacteria were isolated, including 221 strains of funguses（26.56%）, 371 strains of G^-bacteria（44.59%）, 240 strains of G~＋bacteria（28.85%）, and the test rate of G^-bacteria was respectively escherichia coli, acinetobacter baumannii, stenotrophomonas maltophilia, pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella pneumoniae, bauman from high to low,sensitive to the amikacin; and the test rate of G~＋bacteria from high to low was respectively staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus faecalis, streptococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus epidermidis and enterococcus faecium, sensitive to the vancomycin, and these bacteria were resistant to other drugs to a certain degree. Conclusion The in-vivo bacteria of senile patients are usually pan-drug resistant, and how to select the sensitive antibiotics with side and toxic effects is the key point of medication.

关 键 词：老年患者 病原菌 耐药性 合理用药 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]