城市森林公园声景评价研究——以哈尔滨国家森林公园为例  

Evaluation Research on Urban Forest Park Soundscape:A Case Study of Harbin National Forest Park

作　　者：洪昕晨[1] 张皓 潘明慧[1] 王欣 吴姝婷 黄思颖 兰思仁[1,2] Hong Xinchen1,Zhang Hao1,Pan Minghui1,Wang Xin1,Wu Shuting1,Huang Siying1,Lan Siren1,2(1. College ot Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; 2. State Forestry Administration National Forest Park Engineering Research Center, Fuzhou 350002, Chin)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学园林学院,福州350002 [2]国家林业局森林公园工程技术研究中心,福州350002

出　　处：《中国城市林业》2018年第4期49-53,共5页Journal of Chinese Urban Forestry

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2014BAD15B00);国家林业局森林公园工程技术研究中心开放课题(PTJH1500217);福建农林大学科技创新专项基金(CXZX2017467;CXZX2017391)

摘　　要：根据声景生态学对声景元素的分类,通过模糊层次综合评价法构建由地球物理声、生物声和人工声3个准则层元素和15个指标层元素组成的城市森林公园声景评价体系,并以哈尔滨国家森林公园为例,研究城市森林公园声景对人的心理感受影响。结果表明,哈尔滨城市森林公园声景总体评价结果为一般Ⅲ。在指标层中,隶属于很好Ⅴ的指标为风吹树叶声、风吹枝条声和鸟类鸣叫声;隶属于较好Ⅳ的指标为风吹落叶声和扫帚扫地声;隶属于一般Ⅲ的指标有滴水声、流水声、昆虫鸣叫声、人的脚步声、人的唱歌声和公园广播声;隶属于较差Ⅱ的指标为人的交谈声和飞机轰鸣声;隶属于很差Ⅰ的指标有车辆交通声和修建施工声。评价结果符合实际,为今后城市森林公园声景评价研究提供有效方法。According to the classification of soundscape elements by soundscape ecology,the paper established the urban forest park soundscape assessment system which is composed of 15 indicators under 3 principles of Geophonies,Biophonies and Anthrophonies using the fuzzy hierarchy comprehensive evaluation method,and also studied the psychological impact of the soundscape of urban forest park with Harbin National Forest Park as an example. The results indicated that the evaluation result of the soundscape of Harbin Urban Forest Park was general as Ⅲ. In 15 indexes,the sound of wind blowing through the leaves,the sound of wind blowing the branches,and the birdsong were attached to indicator Ⅴ as excellent; the sound of wind blowing the fallen leaves and the sound of broom sweeping the floor were in the indicator Ⅳ that were slightly good; the sound of dripping water,the sound of trickling streams,the sound of insects,the sound of human footsteps,the sound of human singing and the sound of broadcasting in park were just generally good listed under indicator Ⅲ; the sound of human talking and the sound of aircraft roaring was evaluated as slightly bad under indicator Ⅱ; indicator Ⅰ indicates the worst,referring to traffic sound and building construction sound,whose evaluation results accords with the actual conditions. This paper would provide an effective method for the study of the urban forest park soundscape evaluation.

关 键 词：声景 评价 城市森林公园 

分 类 号：S759.91[农业科学—森林经理学]