长爪沙鼠自发性糖尿病模型近交系培育及其生物学特性的研究进展  

Research progress in the establishment of a spontaneous diabetic inbred gerbil and its biological characteristics

作　　者：杜小燕[1] 李长龙[1] 王冬平 陈振文[1] DU Xiaovan;LI Changlong;WANG Dongping;CHEN Zhenwen(School of Basic Medical Sciences,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China;Institute of Jingfeng Medical Laboratory Animals,Beijing 100071)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学基础医学院,北京100069 [2]军事医学研究院实验动物中心,北京100071

出　　处：《中国实验动物学报》2018年第4期507-511,共5页Acta Laboratorium Animalis Scientia Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(No.2015BAI09B01);国家自然科学基金(No.31572341;No.31572348;No.31772545)~~

摘　　要：长爪沙鼠是具有糖尿病潜质的实验动物,但普通群体中糖尿病发病率很低,远远不能满足研究需求。我们在前期进行长爪沙鼠近交系培育过程中偶然发现其中一个分支具有高血糖的特性,因此对其进行了定向培育。经过20代全同胞近亲繁殖,获得一个自发性Ⅱ型糖尿病模型近交系,该品系动物具有空腹血糖升高、糖耐量受损、胰岛素抵抗、多器官病变和多个糖尿病相关基因表达异常等糖尿病典型特征,其糖尿病特征模型比率达到60%左右。我们利用该模型进一步开展发病机制研究,发现肥胖型糖尿病和非肥胖型糖尿病具有脂肪组织分布和细胞大小水平等多方面的差异。这些研究结果证明糖尿病长爪沙鼠近交系是理想的Ⅱ型糖尿病模型,将为糖尿病发生机制、脂肪组织在糖尿病发生中的作用、糖尿病敏感药物筛选等诸多糖尿病相关的研究提供新材料和新思路。The Mongolian gerbil is a potential laboratory animal model in diabetes research. However,the frequency of diabetes in common gerbil population is too low to meet the requirement for scientific research. During the process of inbreeding Mongolian gerbils,we found that a sub-line of inbred gerbils is with a higher incidence of blood glucose. After selectively inbred by sister-brother mating for 20 generations,a spontaneous diabetic model of inbred gerbil was established with an incidence of about 60%. The model also displayed typical characteristics of high fasting serum glucose,glucose intolerance,insulin resistance,multiple-tissue injury,and dysfunction of several diabetes-related genes.We further studied the pathogenetic mechanism of diabetes by this model and found that the non-obesity diabetes and obesity diabetes gerbils are totally different in the distribution and adipocyte size. These data indicate that our diabetic inbred gerbil is an ideal model of type 2 diabetes. It could be a new material and provide the new inspirations for the relevant diabetes researches such as diabetic pathogenesis mechanism,the function of adipose tissue in diabetes,and screening of sensitive drugs for treating diabetes.

关 键 词：长爪沙鼠 Ⅱ型糖尿病 肥胖 瘦素 脂联素 

分 类 号：Q95-33[生物学—动物学]