基于地基激光雷达的采矿废弃地生态修复的植被参数提取  

Extraction of Vegetation Parameters in Different Stages of Ecological Restoration on Abandoned Mine Area Based on T-LiDAR

作　　者：田佳榕 代婷婷 徐雁南[1] 吴燕辉 李海东[2] TIAN Jia-rong 1,2 , DAI Ting-ting1 , XU Yah-nan1 , WU Yan-hui3, LI Hai-dong2(1. Centre of Co-Innovation for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; 2. Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, China; 3. Hubei Zhibang Appraisal ＆ Consulting Co. Ltd., Wuhan 430070, Chin)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏南京210037 [2]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,江苏南京210042 [3]湖北置帮房地资产评估咨询有限公司,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2018年第8期686-691,共6页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(GYZX170201);国家科技基础性工作专项重点项目(2014FY110800);江苏省林业三新工程(LYSX[2015]19)

摘　　要：植被恢复是矿山生态修复的重要阶段,而水平方向的植被覆盖和垂直方向的结构参数是评估植被恢复成效的重要指标。利用地基激光雷达(T-LiDAR)点云数据在植被垂直结构参数提取方面的优势,选取叶面积指数、间隙率和郁闭度3种植被参数,以漳州采矿废弃地为例,分析与探讨了数字高程模型(DEM)分辨率和三维点云像元对于不同生态修复阶段的植被结构参数提取的影响。结果表明:随着DEM分辨率的增大(精度降低),植被覆盖较好、半裸露的采矿废弃地提取的叶面积指数下降,间隙率提高,郁闭度下降,DEM的适宜分辨率分别为10和20 cm;裸露采矿废弃地的3种植被结构参数则没有发生变化,DEM的适宜分辨率为50 cm。随着三维点云像元的增大,不同生态修复阶段的采矿废弃地的叶面积指数和郁闭度均增大,间隙率均减小。植被覆盖较好、半裸露的采矿废弃地3种植被参数变化曲线基本一致,且明显高于裸露采矿废弃地。Vegetation recovery is a key stage of mine ecological restoration,while the horizontal vegetation coverage and vertical structure parameters are important indicators for the evaluation of vegetation recovery effectiveness. The three parameters of vegetation structure（ leaf area index,gap rate and crown density） were extracted through taking Zhangzhou abandoned mine area as a case study,based on the point cloud data produced by Terrestrial LiDAR（ T-LiDAR）. The impacts of Digital Elevation Model（ DEM） resolution and three dimensional point cloud pixel size on the extraction of vegetation structure parameters in different stages of ecological restoration were then analyzed and discussed. The results show that：（ 1） with the increase of the resolution of DEM（ precision reduction）,the leaf area index（ LAI） and crown density on both well revegetated and semi-bare abandoned mine area decreased,while gap rate increased,the suitable resolution of DEM was 10 and 20 cm,respectively,three parameters of vegetation structure on bare abandoned mine area were all not changed with the increased of DEM resolution,the suitable resolution of DEM was 50 cm.（ 2） With the increase of three dimensional point cloud pixel size,the LAI and crown density on different stages of ecological restoration on abandoned mine area all increased,while the gap rate decreased. Three parameters of vegetation structure on well revegetated abandoned mine area exhibited similar changing curves with semi-bare abandoned mine area,while both of them were higher than that of bare abandoned area.

关 键 词：地基激光雷达 采矿废弃地 植被结构参数 点云数据 生态修复 

分 类 号：X83[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X501