长期定位施肥31年后紫色水稻土碳、氮含量及储量变化  

Changes of Carbon and Nitrogen in Purple Paddy Soil After 31-year of Fertilization

作　　者：樊红柱[1] 陈琨[1] 陈庆瑞[1] 秦鱼生[1] 蒋松[1] FAN Hong-zhu;CHEN Kun;CHEN Qing-rui;QIN Yu-sheng;JIANG Song(Soil and Fertilizer Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Sichuan Chengdu 610066,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,四川成都610066

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2018年第7期1425-1431,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFE0112700;2016YFD0300900);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203030)

摘　　要：【目的】了解长期施肥对紫色土碳、氮的影响,为该区合理施肥提供依据。【方法】以31年长期定位施肥试验为基础,研究了中国西南紫色水稻土表层(0~20 cm)及亚表层(20~40 cm)土壤碳、氮的含量与积累对长期不同施肥模式的响应特征。【结果】不施肥土壤有机碳含量年下降速率为0.033 g/kg,单施化肥(N、NP、NPK)和化肥配施有机肥(MN、MNP、MNPK)土壤有机碳含量年增加速率为0.047和0.085 g/kg,不施肥、单施化肥和有机肥配施化肥土壤氮含量年增加速率分别为0.0058、0.011和0.018g/kg。肥料的施入显著提高了表层和亚表层土壤有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)含量及储量,其中有机无机肥配施效果优于单施化肥。与不施肥相比,单施化肥和有机无机肥配施分别增加了表层和亚表层SOC含量30.40%、44.69%、11.83%和19.29%,分别增加了SOC储量32.30%、42.87%、19.09%和24.96%;表层和亚表层土壤TN含量分别增加了13.39%、29.92%、8.33%和1.04%,土壤TN储量分别增加了15.43%、28.29%、15.22%和5.07%。且土壤碳、氮间存在着极显著线性关系。【结论】紫色水稻土区有机无机肥配合施用对土壤培肥效果较好。【Objective】The present study was conducted to investigate effects of long-term fertilization on soil organic carbon（ SOC） and total nitrogen（ TN） and evaluate fertilizer application.【Method】Based on the long-term fertilization experiment,effects of various fertilization practices on SOC and TN in the surface（ 0-20 cm） and subsurface（ 20-40 cm） purple soil in Southwest China were studied.【Result】SOC content in the CK treatment showeda decreasing trend,and the decrease rate was 0. 033 g/kg. But the SOC content of all the fertilization treatments demonstrated an increase trend,and the increase rate were 00. 047 and 0. 085 g/kg in the chemical fertilizers（ N,NP,NPK） and the combined application of organic manure and chemical fertilizers（ MN,MNP,MNPK）,respectively. TN content of CK,chemical fertilizers and chemical fertilizers plus organic manure increased yearly 0. 0058,0. 011 and 0. 018 g/kg,respectively. The long-term application of fertilizers,especially the combination of chemical fertilizers and organic manure significantly increased SOC and TN in the surface and subsurface soil. Compared with the CK,application of chemical fertilizers and chemical fertilizers plus organic manure increased SOC content by 30.40 %,44. 69 %,11. 83 % and 19. 29 %,SOC storage by 32. 30 %,42. 87 %,19. 09 % and 24. 96 %,TN content by 13. 39 %,29.29 %,8. 33 % and 1. 04 %,and TN storage by 15. 43 %,28. 29 %,15. 22 % and 5. 07 % in the surface and subsurface soil,respectively. There was a positive correlation between C and N content.【Conclusion】Application of chemical fertilizers plus organic manure was recommended in the purple paddy soil area.

关 键 词：长期施肥 紫色水稻土 碳 氮 

分 类 号：S158.5[农业科学—土壤学]