不同比例底泥复合基质的理化性状及其对紫罗兰生长的影响  

Physical and Chemical Properties of Bottom Mud Compound Substrates with Different Proportion and Their Effect on Growth of Matthiola incana

作　　者：陈江博[1] 范成五[2,3] 朱仁秀 刘桂华 瞿飞[1] 秦松[2,3] CHEN Jiang-bo;FAN Cheng-wu;ZHU Ren-xiu;LIU Gui-hua;QU Fei;QIN Song(College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guizhou Guiyang 550025,China;Institute of Soil and Fertilizer/Agricultural Resources and Enviromnent,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guizhou Guiyang 550006,China;Guizhou Research Center for Agricultur-al Resources and Environmental Engineering Technology,Guizhou Guiyang 550006,China;Rural Work Bureau of Longli County,Guizhou Longli 551200,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省农业科学院土壤肥料/农业资源与环境研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [3]贵州省农业资源与环境工程技术研究中心,贵州贵阳550006 [4]贵州省龙里县农村工作局,贵州龙里551200

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2018年第7期1462-1467,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省农业科学院科技创新专项项目"阿哈水库底泥农业资源化利用研究"[农科院创新专项(2015)01]

摘　　要：【目的】为解决底泥在直接利用时存在透气性差、Cd污染严重等问题。【方法】用其他物料作为透气性底泥及Cd调节材料,以纯底泥为对照,研究添加几种不同比例物料复合基质的理化性状及其对紫罗兰植株生长的影响。【结果】(1)随着底泥添加比例的增加,复合基质的p H、电导率及Cd含量逐渐递增,较纯底泥,复合基质更适宜植物的生长;(2)综合紫罗兰生长过程中的株高、养分含量,在底泥添加比例为10%、火山石20%、珍珠岩10%、蘑菇渣15%、泥炭10%、锯木屑5%及蚯蚓粪30%时其生长状态最好,其株高为24.8 cm,全氮含量为39.48 g/kg,全磷含量为4.16 g/kg,全钾含量为43.25 g/kg;(3)复合基质中紫罗兰对Cd的吸收量为0.65~1.25 mg/kg,低于纯底泥的1.34 mg/kg,但其含量均在植物正常含量范围内,说明底泥中Cd含量对植物Cd的吸收影响不大。【结论】在底泥添加比例为10%、火山石20%、珍珠岩10%、蘑菇渣15%、泥炭10%、锯木屑5%及蚯蚓粪30%时有利于紫罗兰的正常生长。【Objective】The present paper aimed to solve the problems of poor air permeability and serious Cd contamination in direct utilization of bottom mud. 【Method】The physical and chemical properties of bottom mud compound substrates with different proportion and their effect on growth of Matthiola incana are studied by taking pure bottom mud as CK. 【Result】（ i） The p H,conductivity and Cd content of compound substrates increase gradually with increase of addition proportion of bottom mud and the compound substrates are beneficial to growth of Matthiola incana compared with CK.（ ii） The height,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium of Matthiola incana seedlings cultured on the compound substrate with 10 % bottom mud,20 % pelelith,10 % perlite,15 % mushroom residue,10 % peat,5 % sawdust and 30 % earthworm cast can reach 24. 8 cm,39. 48,4. 16 and 43. 25 g/kg respectively.（ iii） The Cd absorption dose of Matthiola incana seedlings cultured on the compound substrates is 0. 65-1. 25 mg/kg,lower than 1. 34 mg/kg of pure bottom mud treatment. The Cd content of Matthiola incana seedlings cultured on the compound substrates is within the normal content,which explains that Cd content of bottom mud has no obvious effect on Cd absorption of plants【Conclusion】The compound substrate with 10 % bottom mud,20% pelelith,10 % perlite,15 % mushroom residue,10 % peat,5 % sawdust and 30 % earthworm cast is beneficial to normal growth of Matthiola incana.

关 键 词：底泥 紫罗兰 复合基质 理化性状 

分 类 号：S317[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]