修剪模式对油茶采穗圃穗条性状及矿质元素的影响  

Effects of Pruning Modes on Scion Character of Camellia oleifera L. and Its Content of Mineral Element in Cutting Orchard

作　　者：龙伟[1] 姚小华[1] 吕乐燕[2] 王开良[1] 任华东[1] 陈叙 LONG Wei;YAO Xiao-hua;LV Le-yan;WANG Kai-liang;REN Hua-dong;CHEN Xu(Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Zhejiang Hangzhou 311400,China;Department of Hydraulic,Zhejiang Tongji Vocational College of Science and Technology,Zhejiang Hangzhou 311231,China;Yalin Oil Tea Technology Co.,Ltd.,Jiangxi Zhangshu 331200,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所浙江省林木育种技术研究重点实验室,浙江杭州311400 [2]浙江同济科技职业学院,浙江杭州311231 [3]亚林油茶科技有限公司,江西樟树331200

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2018年第7期1468-1476,共9页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：浙江省林木育种专项专项(2016C02056-6);农业科技成果转化资金项目(2013GB24320602);林业公益性行业科研专项(201104052)

摘　　要：【目的】研究了不同修剪模式对油茶采穗圃穗条性状及矿质元素含量变化的影响。【方法】采用轻剪、中剪和重剪3种模式对油茶8年生树体进行修剪,并测定新梢内N、P、K、Mg、Zn含量。【结果】长林3、4、18、21和53号在中剪,长林23和40号在轻剪时对穗条产量有利。修剪模式对穗条性状有显著或极显著影响,修剪前穗条性状变异系数依次为穗长(48.74%)>有效芽数(38.50%)>总芽数(25.94%)>穗粗(22.52%),修剪后穗条性状在品种间发生分化,增大了长林4号的穗条长度、长林21号的穗条长度和粗度,长林40号的粗度,长林23号的总芽数和有效芽数变异范围;除长林23号外,修剪降低总芽数在穗条间的变化幅度,增大有效芽数变异系数。修剪模式对品种间的穗条矿质元素含量有显著影响;中剪时部位间差异较小,矿质元素含量相对较高。穗条性状间存在极显著相关性。镁元素与磷元素和氮元素存在着正向或者反向的显著相关,对长林53号穗条有效芽的生长存在影响。【结论】修剪对穗条的生长和发育具有较大的影响,在生产中应根据需求采取合理的修剪措施。【Objective】The present paper aimed to analyze the effects of pruning mode on the character and tested mineral element contents of scion in cutting orchard of Camellia oleifera.【Method】Eight-year trees by three modes（ including light pruning,medium pruning and heave pruning） were pruned,and the content of N,P,K,Mg and Zn in new sprout were determined.【Result】It was taken advantage in output of scion in medium pruning（ including Changlin 3#,Changlin 4#,Changlin 18#,Changlin21#,Changlin53#） and in light pruning（ including Changlin23# and Changlin40#）. The modes of pruning had significant or very significant effects on the character of scion. The variation coefficients of scions before pruning was in order of scion length（48. 74 %） valid bud number（38. 50 %） total buds（25. 94 %） scion diameter（22. 52 %）,there were differences in character of scion after pruning,the variation range of characters（ including length and diameter in Changlin 4# and Changlin21#,diameter in Changlin40# and total buds and valid buds in Changlin23#） after pruning were improved; Except for Changlin23 #,it was reduced the variation range in total buds,and the variation coefficient in valid buds was improved. Pruning modes had a significant effect on the content of mineral element in scion; Medium pruning could reduce the difference in body of tree and improved the content of mineral element. There were very significant correlations in characters of scion. The content of Mg had negative or positive correlation with P or N and a significant effect on the valid buds of Changlin 53#. 【Conclusion】Pruning had a great effect on the growth and development of scion,so that it was necessary to choose reasonable pruning modes in production.

关 键 词：普通油茶 采穗圃 树体 修剪 

分 类 号：S565[农业科学—作物学]