鄱阳湖阻隔湖泊沉积物中溞属枝角类卵鞍密度的长期变化及其与营养盐的关系:以军山湖为例  

Long-term changes of ephippial densities of Daphnia species in the sediment of isolated lakes of Poyang Lake——Junshan Lake and its correlation with the nutrients

作　　者：刘琪 何平[1] 彭水秀 张婷婷 孙雨琛 邓道贵[1] LIU Qi;HE Ping;PENG Shuixiu;ZHANG Tingting;SUN Yuchen;DENG Daogui(School of Life Science,Huaibei Normal University,Huaibei 235000,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]淮北师范大学生命科学学院,淮北235000

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2018年第5期1388-1399,共12页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31370470)资助

摘　　要：本文研究了典型的鄱阳湖阻隔湖泊——军山湖沉积物(0~36 cm)中溞属枝角类卵鞍密度的长期变化.1~#和2~#采样点36 cm沉积层对应的年代分别为1839和1857年.1958年前,军山湖沉积物的沉积速率呈现较高的水平,而1959年建坝后的沉积速率明显减小.1958年前,军山湖沉积物中总氮和总磷含量相对稳定,但建坝后总氮含量呈现明显增加的趋势.在军山湖沉积物中,鉴定出中华拟同形溞(Daphnia similoides sinensis)、盔形溞(D.galeata)和蚤状溞(D.pulex)的卵鞍.1~#和2~#沉积柱中3种溞属种类总卵鞍和含休眠卵卵鞍的累积速率和密度呈现较一致的变化.1958年前,3种溞属种类总卵鞍和含休眠卵卵鞍的累积速率和密度均处于较低水平(1~#沉积柱:0~1.51×10~3ind./(m^2·a)和0~0.63 ind./(g·dw);2~#沉积柱:0~0.70×10~3ind./(m^2·a)和0~0.22 ind./(g·dw));1959年建坝后,10~1 cm的沉积层中3种溞属种类总卵鞍和含休眠卵卵鞍的累积速率和密度呈现逐步增加的趋势,尤其是在3~1 cm(2009-2015年)的沉积层.Pearson相关性显示,军山湖1~#沉积柱中的总氮含量与3种溞属种类的总卵鞍和含休眠卵卵鞍的累积速率之间均存在极显著相关性.2~#沉积柱中的总氮和总磷含量均与3种溞属种类总卵鞍的累积速率之间存在显著相关性.2~#沉积柱的总氮和总磷含量还与中华拟同形溞的含休眠卵卵鞍的累积速率之间均存在显著相关性.结果表明,沉积物中营养盐含量和溞属种类卵鞍(或休眠卵)的长期变化能够反映湖泊富营养化和溞属种群的历史演变过程.In this paper,long-term changes of ephippia（ or resting eggs） of Daphnia species in the sediments（ 0-36 cm） of Lake Junshan,the typical isolated lake from Poyang Lake,were studied. The ages of the 36 cm sediments at 1#and 2#sampling points are in 1839 and 1857,respectively. Before 1958,the accumulation rate of the sediment core in Junshan Lake showed a high level,but it obviously reduced after the dam was built in 1959. Before 1958,total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents in the sediments of Junshan Lake were relatively stable. However,the total nitrogen content showed obviously increasing trend after the dam was built. In the sediment of Junshan Lake,three Daphnia species（ D. similoides sinensis,D. galeata and D. pulex） were identified.The accumulation rates and densities of both total ephippia and ephippia containing resting eggs in three Daphnia species showed a similar change pattern in the 1#and 2#sediments. Before 1958,the accumulation rates and densities of both total ephippia and ephippia containing resting eggs in three Daphnia species were at lowlevels（ 1#sediment core： 0-1.51×103 ind./（ m2·a） and 0-0.63 ind./（ g·dw）,2#sediment core： 0-0.70×103 ind./（ m2·a） and 0-0.22 ind./（ g·dw））. After the dam was built in 1959,the accumulation rates and densities of both total ephippia and ephippia containing resting eggs in three Daphnia species in the 10-1 cm sediments showed a gradual increasing trend,especially in the sediment layers of 3-1 cm（ 2009-2015）. Pearson correlation showed that there were significant relationships between total nitrogen（ TN） content and the accumulation rates of both totalephippia and ephippia containing resting eggs in three Daphnia species in the 1#sediment score. There were significant relationships between TN and total phosphorus（ TP） contents in the 2#sediment core and the accumulation rates of total ephippia in three Daphnia species. Significant relationships between both TN and TP contents and the accumulation rates of ep

关 键 词：军山湖 沉积物 溞属 卵鞍 营养盐 累积速率 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]