小兴安岭阔叶红松林地表甲虫Metacommunity格局  

Metacommunity patterns of ground-beetle assemblages in two mixed broad-leaved Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) forests in the Xiao Xing'an Mountains

作　　者：高梅香[1,2,3] 张超 乔志宏 侯宏宇[1,2] 金光泽 卢廷玉 吴东辉[3] GAO Meixiang;ZHANG Chao;QIAO Zhihong;HOU Hongyu;JIN Guangze;LU Tingyu;WU Donghui(College of Geographical Sciences,Harbin Normal University,Harbin 150025,China;Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Monitoring of Geographic Environment,College of Heilongjiang Province,Harhin Normal University,Harbin 150025,China;Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of Ministry of Education,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,China;Center for Ecological Research,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学地理科学学院,哈尔滨150025 [2]黑龙江省普通高等学校地理环境遥感监测重点实验室(哈尔滨师范大学),哈尔滨150025 [3]东北师范大学植被科学教育部重点实验室,长春130024 [4]东北林业大学生态研究中心,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《生态学报》2018年第16期5636-5648,共13页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41471037;41430857);黑龙江省普通本科高等学校青年创新人才培养计划(UNPYSCT-2015054);哈尔滨师范大学优秀青年基金项目(XKYQ201401)

摘　　要：Metacommunity理论框架为理解生物群落的时空格局及其构建机制提供了一个强有力的方法。然而,少有研究揭示土壤动物metacommunity的格局及其构建机制,小尺度空间的研究更是少见。于2015年分别在凉水和丰林小兴安岭典型阔叶红松林长期动态监测样地内,通过空间直观定位调查监测的方法获得地表甲虫群落,揭示小尺度空间(300 m)地表甲虫metacommunity的格局,并进一步分析地形、土壤因子与这种metacommunity格局的相关性。结果表明:镶嵌型(nestedness)和随机型(random)是小尺度空间地表甲虫metacommunity的常见格局。地表甲虫的metacommunity格局具有类群依赖性,步行虫科和葬甲科多形成镶嵌型格局,而隐翅虫科则仅形成随机型格局。地表甲虫metacommunity格局具有季节波动性,在相对温暖的季节易形成显著的镶嵌型格局,而在相对寒冷的季节多为随机型格局。凉水和丰林地表甲虫的metacommunity格局没有明显差异。地形和土壤因子对地表甲虫metacommunity格局有重要的影响,该影响过程相对复杂,依类群和时间而异。本实验表明镶嵌型和随机型是小尺度空间小兴安岭典型阔叶红松林地表甲虫的常见格局,地形、土壤因子对这些格局的形成有重要的影响。A metacommunity is defined as a set of local communities that are linked by the dispersal of multiple potentially interacting species. Metacommunity theory framework provides a powerful method for the understanding of spatio-temporal patterns and explaining the underlying processes of a community structuring. Metacommunity framework has been used in various organism communities （including plant, bat, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, bird, and invertebrate communities）. However, few studies have been used to recognize the metacommunity patterns and their underlying processes for soil animal communities at multiple scales, especially at small scales. In 2015, an experiment was conducted in two permanent dynamic monitoring plots in two typical mixed broad-leaved Korean pine （Pinus koraiensis） forests in the Liangshui （LS） and Fenglin （FL） National Nature Reserves. Each plot consisted of a 9-hm2 area with 300 m×300 m and was equally divided into 225 squares by 20 m. Based on a spatially explicitly investigating method, ground beetles were collected by pitfall traps in July, August, and October in the LS plot and in August and October in the FL plot. The topographic variables, that is elevation, slope convexity, slope steepness and slope aspect, were measured for each square both in LS and FL plots. The soil variables, including bulk density, soil organic carbon content, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, total phosphorus, pH, available potassium, hydrolyzable nitrogen and soil moisture, were measured for each square in LS plot. The metacommunity patterns of ground beetles were determined by elements of metacommunity structure （EMS）. We evaluated if the Clementsian pattern is common for ground beetle metacommunities at such small scales. Then we explained the association between the site scores along the first axis of the reciprocal averaging and geographic and/or soil variables by Spearman rank correlation. Results of the EMS showed that nestedness and random patterns were common for ground beetl

关 键 词：metacommunity格局 地表甲虫 metacommunity结构参数分析(EMS) 典型阔叶红松林 丰林国家级自然保护区 凉水国家级自然保护区 

分 类 号：S718.7[农业科学—林学]