旅游生态安全约束下张家界市土地利用优化  

Optimization of land use in Zhangjiajie City under tourism ecological security constraints

作　　者：朱东国[1,2] 熊鹏[1] 方世敏 ZHU Dongguo;XIONG Peng;FANG Shimin(Business School,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,China;College of Resources and Environment Science,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学商学院,湘潭411105 [2]湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院,长沙410081

出　　处：《生态学报》2018年第16期5904-5913,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(17BJY151)

摘　　要：土地利用多以经济、社会和生态效益最大化为目标进行数量结构优化,很少对旅游生态安全约束下的土地利用进行空间结构优化,鉴于此,为提高旅游城市土地利用综合效益和改善生态环境,在旅游生态安全约束下,不仅对土地利用数量结构进行优化,而且实现了土地利用空间结构优化。以典型旅游城市张家界为例,构建旅游生态安全评价指标体系,运用灰色线性规划法中的Lingo模型求取旅游生态安全约束下的最优土地利用结构,并根据分布规则把优化后的数量结构配置在空间上,借助CLUE-S模型进行土地利用空间优化。结果表明:(1)2015年旅游生态安全综合指数为0.7394,旅游环境状况和旅游人文社会响应的安全度均比旅游资源环境压力低。(2)在数量结构优化下,林地、水域、建设用地面积增幅明显,耕地、草地和未利用地的面积有所减少,2025年旅游生态安全综合指数为0.8196,比2015年提高了0.0802,处于安全的状态。(3)在空间结构优化下,林地主要分布在桑植县和慈利县的山地丘陵区、武陵源区以及永定区南部;建设用地主要集中在慈利县、桑植县及永定区城区;草地主要位于桑植县和慈利县的山区以及武陵源区;耕地主要分布在慈利县和永定区的平原和丘陵地区;未利用地零星分布在慈利县、桑植县及永定区。研究结果可为张家界市土地资源永续利用和旅游生态安全建设提供规划指导和技术借鉴。Optimization of land use usually focuses on quality structure as it considers the maximization of economic, social, and ecological benefits as the goal. However, space structure optimization of land use under tourism ecological security constraints is hardly done. On account of this situation, only if the optimization of quality structure as well as space structure is taken into practice under the constraints can comprehensive land use efficiency and ecological environment improve in tourist cities. A typical tourist city, Zhangjiajie, was used as a case study to construct an tourism ecological safety evaluation index system, and the optimal land use structure under the tourism ecological security constraints based on the Lingo model were determined using the Grey linear programming method; in addition, measures were taken to configure the optimized parameter structure in space according to distribution rules, and finally, to optimize land use space with the help of the CLUE-S model. The results showed that 1） the comprehensive index of tourism ecological security in the year 2015 was 0.7394, indicating a relatively safe state. Specifically, that of the environmental pressure on tourism resources was 0.3231, that of the tourism environment condition was 0.2789, and that of the security degree of the humanistic social response of tourism scores was 0.1374; thus, the tourism environment condition and the security degree of the humanistic social response of tourism are lower than the environmental pressure on tourism resource. 2） Under the optimization of quantity structure, the areas of woodland, water and construction land apparently increased, while the areas of cultivated land, grassland, and unused land decreased. Predictably, the comprehensive index of tourism ecological security in the year of 2025 was 0.8196, which was 0.0802 higher than that in the year 2015, but which also indicated a safe state. Thus, the optimized quantity structure of land use plays a significant role in the ecological security of t

关 键 词：旅游生态安全 土地利用优化 CLUE-S模型 张家界市 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]