中国锅炉热工性能试验标准与美国ASME PTC 4-2013对比研究  

Comparative Study Between Chinese and American Boiler Performance Test Codes

作　　者：常勇强[1] 刘雪敏[1] 齐国利[1] 李德标 孟勇[3] 管坚[1] CHANG Yongqiang;LIU Xuemin;QI Guoli;LI Debiao;MENG Yong;GUAN Jian(China Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute,Beijing 100029,China;Xi＇an Special Equipment Inspection Institute,Xi＇an 710048,China;Xi＇an Thermal Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xi＇an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]中国特种设备检测研究院,北京100029 [2]西安特种设备检验检测院,西安710048 [3]西安热工研究院有限公司,西安710054

出　　处：《动力工程学报》2018年第8期610-616,632,共8页Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2014BAA07B05)

摘　　要：对中国标准GB/T 10180—2017《工业锅炉热工性能试验方法》(以下简称GB/T 10180)、GB/T 10184—2015《电站锅炉性能试验规程》(以下简称GB/T 10184)与美国ASME PTC4—2013《电站锅炉性能试验规程》(以下简称ASME PTC4)进行了对比研究。结果表明:在计算方法上,中国标准与ASME PTC4在试验原理上是一致的,都是基于进入系统的能量等于离开系统的能量,ASME PTC4和GB/T 10184都将进入系统的能量分为输入能量(即燃料发热量)和外来热量,GB/T 10180将进入系统的能量(即燃料发热量和外来热量)作为输入能量,因此从本质上ASME PTC4和GB/T 10184的锅炉热效率指的是燃料效率,GB/T 10180指的是毛效率;在不确定度分析上,ASME PTC4对试验不确定度的评定方法进行了详细描述,中国标准缺少不确定度分析及评定方法;在电站锅炉性能试验方法上,中国标准与ASME PTC4越来越接近,但在工业锅炉性能试验方法上依然存在较大差异。A comparative study was conducted on the Chinese standard GB/T 10180-2017 ＂ Thermal per- formance test code for industrial boilers＂, Chinese standard GB/T 10184-2015 ＂Performance test code for utility boilers＂ and the American standard ASME-PTC4 ＂Performance test code for fired steam genera tors＂. Results show that for the calculation methods, the test principles of the Chinese and American standards are the same, based on the energy balance that the energy entering the system boundary is equal to that leaving the system boundary. In ASME PTC4 and GB/T 10184, the energy input to the system is classified into two kinds- energy input from fuel （heating value of fuel） and energy input from other sources, while in GB/T 10180, the energy input is defined as the total energy added to the system （heatingvalue of fuel and energy input from other sources）. Therefore, the boiler efficiency in both ASME PTC4 and GB/T 10184 essentially refers to fuel efficiency, whereas in GB/T 10180, it refers to gross efficiency. For uncertainty analysis, ASME PTC4 describes the assessment method of test uncertainty in detail, while Chinese standards are lack of uncertainty analysis and assessment method. By comparison of Chinese standards and ASME PTC4, it can be found that in the performance test for utility boilers, the two stand- ards are getting closer and closer, while in the performance test for industrial boilers, great differences still exist.

关 键 词：工业锅炉 电站锅炉 中国标准 ASME PTC4 性能试验 

分 类 号：TK212[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]