厦门海域虾类的种类组成及其变动研究  

Composition and Variation of Shrimp in Xiamen Coastal Waters

作　　者：申世常 黄良敏[1,2] 陈融斌 王家樵[1,2] 李军 SHEN Shichang;HUANG Liangmin;CHEN Rongbin;WANG Jiaqiao;LI Jun(Fisheries College,Jimei University,Xiame 361021,China;Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Resources and Ecological Environment,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]集美大学水产学院,福建厦门361021 [2]福建省海洋渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《集美大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第4期258-264,共7页Journal of Jimei University：Natural Science

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2015J01618);福建省海洋渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室开放基金项目(201504030006);南方海洋中心项目(13GQT001NF14)

摘　　要：根据2014年5月(春)、8月(夏)、11月(秋)和2015年2月(冬)厦门海域(117°54'~118°30'E,24°21'~24°39'N)的虾类资源调查资料,研究分析了该海域虾类的种类组成、优势种、多样性和资源密度分布变化的特点。结果表明,该海域有虾类19种,隶属5科、10属;渔获量以夏、秋季较高,春、冬季较低;调查海域四季中出现的优势种有9种:刀额仿对虾(Parapenaeopsis acultrirostris)、刀额新对虾(Metapenaeus ensis)、哈氏仿对虾(Parapenaeopsis hardwickii)、锯齿长臂虾(Carpenter prawn)、日本囊对虾(Marsupenaeus japonicus)、鲜明鼓虾(Alpheus distinguendus)、须赤虾(Metapenaeopsis barbata)、长毛明对虾(Fenneropenaeus penicillatus)和中华管鞭虾(Solenocera crassicornis);多样性指数(H')以秋季最高,冬季最低;资源密度平均值为36.32 kg/km^2,并呈现出季节和地域差异,这与水温、水深、盐度有着密切的关系。Based on the investigation data of shrimp resources of four seasonal months in 2014-2015 in xiamen coastal waters（ 117 °54＇ to 118 °30＇ E,24 °21＇ to 24 °39＇ N）,the characteristics of species composition,dominant species,diversity and resource density distribution in this sea area of shrimps were analyzed. The results showed that there were 19 species of shrimps in this sea area belonging to 5 families and 10 genera. The catch was higher in summer and autumn and lower in spring and winter. There were totally 10 dominant species in 4 seasons in the vestigated areas, such as Parapenaeopsis acultrirostris, Metapenaeus ensis, Parapenaeopsis hardwickii,Carpenter prawn, Marsupenaeus japonicus, Alpheus distinguendus, Metapenaeopsis barbata, Fenneropenaeus penicillatus,Solenocera crassicornis,etc. The diversity index（ H＇） was generally highest in autumn and lowest in winter. The mean value of the resource density was 36. 32 kg/km2 and presented the seasonal and regional differences,which had close relationship to the water temperature,depth,and salinity.

关 键 词：虾类 厦门海域 种类组成 优势种 多样性 资源密度 

分 类 号：S932.51[农业科学—渔业资源]