从新城市主义到形态控制准则--美国城市地块形态控制理念与工具发展及启示  

From New Urbanism to Form-based Code – Lessons Learnt from the US Experience of Block Shape Control Concepts and Tools

作　　者：章征涛 宋彦[2,3] 丁国胜[4,5] 李志明 Zhang Zhengtao;Song Yan;Ding Guosheng;Li Zhiming

机构地区：[1]珠海市规划设计研究院政府规划与城市设计研究中心 [2]深圳大学城市规划系 [3]美国北卡罗来纳大学城市规划系 [4]湖南大学建筑学院 [5]湖南大学健康城市研究室 [6]南京林业大学城市规划系

出　　处：《国际城市规划》2018年第4期42-48,共7页Urban Planning International

摘　　要：城市蔓延是美国规划界急需解决的问题。针对城市无序蔓延带来的一系列城市形态问题,美国规划师们向物质空间设计层面回归,先后提出新城市主义、精明准则、形态控制准则等城市形态控制理念和工具。其中形态控制准则是针对城市地块形态控制的工具。本文对美国城市形态控制与调整工具的发展脉络以及相互联系进行分析;对形态控制准则进行详细阐述;最后,针对当前我国城市蔓延问题初显,及在城市形态控制工具不足等矛盾下,从发展理念、操作工具及行业发展三个层面提出建议。Urban sprawl is a challenge faced by the planning field in the US. To confront with a range of issues associated with sprawling urban form brought by urban sprawl, planners in the US have retreated to design tools of the physical environment and initiated concepts such as new urbanism, smart codes, and formbased codes, which is the tool to shape urban form at the site level. The article first describes the evolving trend of urban form tools, illustrates in detail the form-based codes, and lastly, provides policy suggestions to urban form tool in China from three perspectives including concepts, implementation and the development of the planning field.

关 键 词：城市地块形态控制工具 新城市主义 形态控制准则 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]