近自然森林经营的先进模式——流域经营  

Watershed Management——Advanced Mode of Close-to-Nature Forest Management

作　　者：王辉[1] 穆蕾[1] 丁万林 WANG Hui;MU Lei;DING Wanlin(Mulanweichang National Forestry Administration of Heibei Province,Weiehang,Hebei 068450,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省木兰围场国有林场管理局,河北围场068450

出　　处：《林业调查规划》2018年第4期119-122,共4页Forest Inventory and Planning

基　　金：河北省林业科学技术研究项目"木兰林区森林流域经营关键技术研究"(1305448)

摘　　要：20世纪80—90年代,随着可持续理论的高速发展,注重从宏观大尺度角度研究森林经营的可持续性,流域经营等概念应运而生。流域经营以近自然育林理念为指导思想,主张模仿自然规律,强调依托自然条件,重视借用自然力,是一种缓和的育林方法。时至今日,近自然育林理念已成为森林经营的主导理念,培育功能完备的多功能森林成为森林经营的主要目标。流域经营作为其中的一个重要模式,强调森林生态系统是一个整体,采用综合经营模式,能有效降低生产成本。With the rapid development of sustainable theory,the concept of sustainable forest management and watershed management came into being from the macro-perspective in the 1980 s and 1990 s.Based on the guiding concept of close-to-nature afforestation,the watershed management which advocated to imitate natural law,emphasized to rely on natural conditions and focus on utilizing natural force was the gentle method of afforestation. With the main goal of cultivating multi-functional forests,the concept of forest management was dominated by the close-to-nature afforestation. As one of the important modes,the watershed management emphasized the wholeness of forest ecosystem and adopted the comprehensive management mode to effectively reduce the production cost.

关 键 词：近自然森林经营 流域经营 近自然育林 森林生态系统 整体功能 综合经营模式 

分 类 号：S759.82[农业科学—森林经理学] S723.7[农业科学—林学]