海口港秀英港区航道泥沙淤积特征研究  

Characteristics of sediment accumulation in the waterway of Xiuying harbor district,Haikou Port

作　　者：刘晓强[1,2] 杨燕华 LIU Xiaoqiang;YANG Yanhua(State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072;Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering,Tianjin 300456)

机构地区：[1]天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室,天津300072 [2]交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所,天津300456

出　　处：《水力发电学报》2018年第8期64-74,共11页Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering

基　　金：天津市应用基础与前沿技术研究计划(15JCYBJC21900;15JCQNJC07900);天津市重点研发计划(16YFXTSF00280)

摘　　要：通过不同时期实测地形资料,对比分析了海口港秀英港区航道总体淤积特征及时空分布特征,探讨了航道淤积的影响因素及主要原因,对航道未来的淤积趋势进行了判断,提出了航道减淤对策分析。主要结论如下:秀英港航道淤积时空分布不均匀,空间分布上表现为由近岸向外海航道淤积由强变弱、航道边线淤积重于航道中线的特征,时间分布上有发生短时强淤的风险;航道淤积的主要原因包括大风浪掀起的底部高含沙水体进入航道、边坡向航道的泥沙转移、边坡坍塌、水体悬沙落淤、人工岛建设等;为减小航道淤积,可采取建设防沙潜堤、放缓航道边坡、增加备淤深度等措施。Based on the measured terrain data in different periods, this paper presents a comparative analysis on the general characteristics of siltation and its spatial-temporal distribution over the waterway in the Xiuying Harbor District, Haikou Port. We discuss the influencing factors and major causes of sediment accumulation in this waterway, predict the possibility and trend of severe siltation in future, and suggest engineering countermeasures for siltation reduction. We conclude with the followings. The spatial and temporal distribution of deposits over the waterway is non-uniform, spatially characterized by stronger siltation in its nearshore channel than open sea channel, and stronger in its channel sideline than mid-channel, and temporally characterized by a risk of strong short-term siltation. Its main causes are intrusion of the bottom sediment-water mixture with high concentration caused by heavy storm waves, transport of the side slope sediment into the channel, collapsing of side slopes, settling of suspended sediment in the water body, and construction of artificial islands. To reduce siltation, we suggest constructing sand-proof embankment, reducing the waterway side slopes, and increasing silting depth, among other engineering measures.

关 键 词：航道 泥沙淤积 时空分布 减淤措施 

分 类 号：TV92[水利工程—水利水电工程]