回顾性队列研究老年人接种23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗的保护效果  

Retrospective cohort study on protective effect of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in elderly people

作　　者：陈红英[1] 张涛[2] 杨来宝[1] 肖绍坦 费怡[1] CHEN Hong-ying;ZHANG Tao;YANG Lai-bao;XIAO Shao-tan;FEI Yi(Shanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200136,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心,上海200136 [2]上海市复旦大学公共卫生学院,上海200032

出　　处：《中国生物制品学杂志》2018年第8期858-861,共4页Chinese Journal of Biologicals

基　　金：上海市浦东新区卫生和计划生育委员会卫生科技项目(PW2015A-3)

摘　　要：目的评估上海市浦东新区60岁以上老年人接种23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗(以下简称23价肺炎疫苗)的保护效果。方法采用回顾性队列研究,选取接种组和未接种组(对照组)老年人分别为1 081、2 162名,进行1∶2匹配,调查两组对象呼吸道和肺部感染发生情况。结果 23价肺炎疫苗对60岁以上老年人发生发热、咳嗽、咳痰的保护率为16.5%;23价肺炎疫苗对预防接种年龄为80岁及以上组的接种对象发生气管炎/支气管炎具有保护作用,保护率为69.0%,但差异无统计学意义(RR=0.31,95%CI:0.07~1.34,P=0.09);23价肺炎疫苗对预防接种年龄为80岁及以上组的接种对象发生肺炎具有一定的保护作用,保护率为43.0%,但差异无统计学意义(RR=0.57,95%CI:0.12~2.70,P=0.47)。结论接种23价肺炎疫苗对老年人呼吸道感染有保护作用,对80岁及以上人群气管炎/支气管炎及肺炎发病有一定的保护作用,应继续开展老年人接种肺炎疫苗工作。Objective To evaluate the protective effect of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in elderly people at ages of more than 60 years in Pudong New Area,Shanghai. Methods A retrospective cohort study was carried out. The infections in respiratory tract and lung were investigated in 1 081 vaccinated and 2 162 unvaccinated（control）elderly peoples. Results The protective rate of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine against fever,cough and expectoration in elderly people at ages of more than 60 years was 16. 5%. The vaccine showed protection against tracheitis/bronchitis in vaccinated elderly people at ages of not less than 80 years,with a protective rate of 69. 0%,which showed no significant difference with that in control group（RR = 0. 31,95% CI：0. 07 - 1. 34,P = 0. 09）. However,the vaccine showed a certain protection against pneumonia in vaccinated elderly peoples at ages of not less than 80 years,with a protective rate of 43. 0%,which showed no significant difference with that in control group（RR = 0. 57,95% CI：0. 12 - 2. 70,P = 0. 47）. Conclusion The 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine showed protective effect against infection in respiratory tract in elderly people while showed weakly protective effect against pneumonia in those at ages of not less than 80 years. The vaccine should be further inoculated in elderly people.

关 键 词：老年人 23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗 保护效果 

分 类 号：R378.14[医药卫生—病原生物学] R186[医药卫生—基础医学]