CO2封存泄漏大气扩散规律及监测方案——以延长油田CO2-EOR工程为例  

Dispersion features of the atmospheric monitoring program for CO2 leakage——a case study sample of the CO2-EOR pilot project of Yanchang Oil Field

作　　者：朱前林 范智涵 王闯 黄春霞 汤瑞佳 ZHU Qian-lin;FAN Zhi-han;WANG Chuang;HUANG Chun-xia;TANG Rui-Jia(School of Resources and Geosciences,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221008,Jiangsu,China;Key Laboratory of Coal-based CO2 Capture and Geological Storage,Xuzhou 221008,Jiangsu,China;Research Institute of Yanchang Petroleum Group,Xi＇ an 710000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学资源学院,江苏徐州221008 [2]江苏省煤基CO2捕集与地质封存重点实验室,江苏徐州221008 [3]延长石油集团研究院,西安710000

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2018年第4期1432-1439,共8页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFE0102500);国家自然科学基金项目(41702248);江苏省煤基CO2捕集与地质封存重点实验室开放基金项目(2015A06)

摘　　要：针对延长油田CO2-EOR项目的潜在泄漏问题,根据当地气象环境条件,利用重气扩散模型研究了CO2泄漏运移特征,并以此为依据,讨论了该工况条件下CO2泄漏的大气监测方案。结果表明：CO2喷射泄漏后先上升后下降,并沿着下风向运移;在研究区优势风速2.7 m/s条件下,喷射高度与最大CO2体积分数点高度随泄漏速度增加而上升;CO2顺风向运移距离大于侧风向运移距离,且泄漏的地表影响范围随泄漏速度增加呈近似线性增加;泄漏速度3 kg/s时开始出现危险区域,且大于该泄漏速率时,地表危险区面积随泄漏速度增加呈抛物线变化;监测点应位于距离泄漏源下风向50～80 m处,在监测高度0～4 m范围内,CO2监测半宽相对稳定且较大,约为12 m,当监测高度大于4 m时,监测范围明显减小;考虑到监测点预警功能,认为研究区大气监测需要在潜在泄漏源的西北和正南方向50 m处、高度为0～4 m范围内各设置1个CO2大气监测点,该监测方案可根据现场最大泄漏量预估值及监测预警要求,适当减小与潜在泄漏源的距离。The present paper has been engaged in a study of thedispersion features of the potential CO2 leakage in the CO2-EOR pilot project of Yanchang Oil Field（ Shaanxi） through a denserthan-air dispersion model based on the environmental conditions and discussions of the corresponding atmospheric monitoring program. The results of our study demonstrate that,the leaked CO2 tends to move upwards first in the wind direction and then begins to decline in the horizontally progressing way. Under the environment condition with a dominant wind-blowing velocity of 2. 7 m/s,the height of the maximum ejection and the maximum concentration increase with the leakage rate increasing. The principal features of the CO2 cloud can be described in the following manners： its maximum ejection height is 7 m with its maximum concentration being at a height of 4. 5 m. What is more,when its leakage rate is 20 kg/s,its maximum ejection height reaches 38 m,while its maximum concentration can reach a height of 27 m at a leakage rate of 120 kg/s. Additionally,the dispersion distance in the downwind direction is much greater than that in the crosswind direction. As to the relation of the CO2 cloud to the people involved,it can be said that the area of the CO2 volume fraction affecting people＇s health tends to increase almost in a linear way with the leakage rates increasing. The area of the CO2 volume fraction bringing harm to people＇s health appears when leakage rate is greater than 3 kg/s. When leakage rates is greater than the said 3 kg/s,the sphere increases almost parabolically with the leakage rate increasing,with an apex of the parabola locating at the leakage rate of 70 kg/s. The corresponding dangerous area can be predicted to be a sphere of 6 350 m2. Furthermore,the monitoring sites should be 50-80 m away from the potential leakage point in the downwind direction,the monitoring height should be in a range of 0-4 m,where the half width of the atmospheric monitoring turn to be relatively stable at about 12 m. In so doing,the area t

关 键 词：安全工程 CO2地质封存 CO2泄漏 重气扩散模型 大气监测 

分 类 号：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学]