生物炭对有机废物好氧堆肥化过程的影响研究进展  

Research advances of the influence of biochar on the aerobic constitution process of the organic wastes

作　　者：刘国涛[1] 夏璇 李蕾[1] 李伟雨 杨朝元 李世博 LIU Guo-tao;XIA Xuan;LI Lei;LI Wei-yu;YANG Chao-yuan;LI Shi-bo(Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region＇ s Eco-Environment,Ministry of Education,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2018年第4期1523-1526,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：重庆市社会事业与民生保障科技创新专项重点研发项目(cstc2017shms-zdyf0382)

摘　　要：生物炭是生物质在高温缺氧条件下热解产生的含碳丰富、高度芳香化的固体物质,具有比表面积大、孔隙率高、富含表面官能团、稳定性强等特点。生物炭具有的良好理化性质,应用于有机废物好氧堆肥,能有效改善堆肥环境条件,缩短堆肥周期,提高堆肥品质,从而受到越来越多的关注。综述了生物炭对有机废物堆肥化过程的影响,着重介绍了生物炭对堆肥理化性质、氮素损失、温室气体排放、微生物活性和堆肥品质影响的研究进展,提出未来应重点关注生物炭与堆肥过程的相关性、生物炭对微生物的作用机理、生物炭对堆肥及环境的长期效应等几方面,以促进生物炭在有机废物好氧堆肥中的应用。This paper aims to provide a review of the function and the application situation of the biochar in aerobic compost of the organic wastes. For this purpose,it would be beneficial to discuss and make clear the influence of the biochar on the physicochemical properties of the aerobic compost processes,the organic decomposition,the microbial activity,the gas emission,and the compost quality,in hoping to fully understand the role of biochar in the aerobic compost. As is well known,the main focus of the biochar research in the past decade has been mainly put on the improvement of the organic waste of the aerobic compost,as well as on the impact of the biochar of different types,the different pyrolysis temperatures,and the different addition proportional ratios on the organic waste aerobic compost process and the compost quality,however,little has been stressed on its impact mechanism. Seeing the said situation,the given paper would like to focus itself on the research on the up-to-date advances of the biochar effect on the physical and chemical properties of the compost,the nitrogen loss,the greenhouse gas emissions,the microbial characteristics and the compost quality while making a brief review of the production and characteristic features of biochar.Thus,it can be concluded that biochar can by nature have a positive effect on the aerobic compost forming process of the organic wastes：（ 1） To improve the physicochemical properties of its compost either by the prompt temperature rise,or by the lower heat and water dissipation;（ 2） Increase the amount and activity of the microorganisms so as to provide favorable conditions for the microorganism growth;（ 3） To reduce the ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions;（ 4） To increase the nutrient content of the compost,and/or shorten the period of the compost cycle so as to promote the organic degradation and reduce the nitrogen loss.Thus,it can be concluded that the development and perfection of the biochar technology are likely to bring about great benefits fo

关 键 词：环境工程学 生物炭 有机废物 堆肥化 温室气体 堆肥品质 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]