甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)诱变对羊草种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响  

Effect of Ethyl Methane Sulfonate(EMS) Mutagenesis on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Leymus chinensis

作　　者：臧辉[1,2] 武自念[1] 孔令琪[1] 张继泽[1] 任卫波[1] Zang Hui;Wu Zinian;Kong Lingqi;Zhang Jize;Ren Weibo(Institute of Grassland Research,Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Hohhot,010010;Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Beijing,100081)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所,呼和浩特010010 [2]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2018年第17期5765-5769,共5页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家重点基础研究计划(973项目)专题(2014CB13880402);国家自然科学基金(31502008);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目共同资助

摘　　要：开展羊草甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)诱变研究对于丰富羊草育种技术和方法,加快羊草新品种选育进程及开展羊草种质创新工作具有重要意义。本研究以育成品种‘吉生4号’羊草种子为材料,通过6个浓度(0%,0.7%,1.0%,1.2%,1.5%,1.8%)甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)处理,旨在揭示不同浓度EMS诱变对羊草种子萌发及幼苗的影响,筛选羊草种子EMS诱变的最优处理浓度,为后续构建羊草EMS突变群体提供指导。结果表明,EMS诱变对羊草种子萌发具有显著抑制作用,随着诱变浓度的增加,羊草种子发芽率、发芽指数等呈降低趋势。当EMS浓度超过1.2%时,羊草种子发芽率、发芽指数均显著低于对照,1.5%EMS处理后,羊草种子相对发芽率降低到51.68%,1.8%EMS浓度处理的发芽率比对照降低67.5%,发芽指数降低了44.0%。EMS诱变处理后羊草种子萌发起始时间被延长3~10 d。EMS诱变处理对羊草幼苗生长有明显的抑制作用,表现为根长、苗长的降低。通过计算EMS诱变后羊草种子的半致死率,最终确定EMS诱变羊草种子的半致死剂量为1.5%EMS浓度处理。根据以上研究结果,我们得出结论:EMS诱变处理对羊草种子萌发和幼苗生长有显著的浓度抑制效应,表现为萌发时间延迟、发芽率降低、苗长和根长变短;以相对发芽率达到半致死率为标准,EMS诱变羊草种子的优化体系为1.5%EMS处理。本研究在育种技术和方法等方面具有一定的创新性,研究结果对于后续构建羊草EMS诱变群体,丰富羊草诱变育种材料及加快羊草育种进程具有重要意义。The study on ethyl methane sulfonate（EMS） mutagenesis of Leymus chinensis is of great significance for enriching breeding techniques and methods,accelerating the breeding process of new varieties and beginning germplasm innovation work of Leymus chinensis.This study aimed to reveal the effect of different concentrations of EMS on seed germination and seedling growth of Leymus chinensis and chose ＇Jisheng 4＇ seeds as the materials to be treated by 6 different concentrations（0%,0.7%,1.0%,1.2%,1.5%,1.8%） of EMS,so as to provide guidance for the follow-up construction of EMS mutant populations of Leymus chinensis.The results showed that EMS mutagenesis had significant inhibitory effect on Leymus chinensis seeds germination,and the seeds germination rate and germination index showed a trend of decrease with the increase of EMS concentration.When the EMSconcentration was over 1.2%,the seeds germination rate and germination index were significantly lower than the control.After 1.5% EMS concentration treatment,the seeds relative germination rate reduced to 51.68%.After1.8% EMS concentration treatment,the germination rate was reduced by 67.5% compared to the control and the germination index was reduced by 44.0%.After EMS treatment,the seeds germination starting time was lengthened for 3～10 d.EMS mutagenesis treatment had obvious inhibitory effect on seedling growth,showing that the reduced root length and shoot length.Through the calculation of the semilethal rate of Leymus chinensis seeds after EMS mutagenesis,we finally obtained the half lethal dose of EMS mutagenesis was 1.5% EMS concentration.According to these results,we concluded that EMS mutagenesis had significant inhibition effect of concentration on seed germination and seedling growth of Leymus chinensis,showing that delayed seed germination time,reduced germination rate,and shortened root length and shoot length.On the basis that the relative germination rate reached semilethal rate,we finally obtained the optimization system of EMS mutagenesis

关 键 词：甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS) 诱变 羊草 种子萌发 半致死剂量 

分 类 号：S543.9[农业科学—作物学]