大白菜雄性不育研究进展  

Research Progress of Male Sterility in Chinese Cabbage

作　　者：石凤岩 周雪[1] 刘志勇[1] 赵莹[1] 董诗瑶 冯辉[1] Shi Fengyan;Zhou Xue;Liu Zhiyong;Zhao Ying;Dong Shiyao;Feng Hui(College of Horticulture,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang,110161)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,沈阳110161

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2018年第17期5770-5781,共12页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31730082)资助

摘　　要：大白菜是十字花科芸薹属芸薹种的重要蔬菜作物,两性花异花授粉,具有显著的杂种优势。雄性不育系是其配制杂交种的理想制种手段。大白菜花粉的发育主要经历小孢子母细胞的减数分裂、绒毡层的发育与降解、花粉壁的形成、花粉粒的成熟和花药开裂等多个过程,其中任何一个阶段发育异常,都可能导致花粉败育。此外,物质和能量代谢及内源激素间的调节也将直接或间接影响大白菜花粉的正常发育。找到调控大白菜花粉发育的相关基因,阐明雄性不育的分子生物学特性、发生机理和调控网络是利用雄性不育系进行杂交制种的关键。本综述对大白菜雄性不育的遗传类型及其在细胞学、生理生化和分子生物学等方面的国内外研究进展进行了综述,并对雄性不育在白菜类蔬菜作物中的应用进行了展望,旨在为探索大白菜雄性不育相关分子机理提供帮助。Chinese cabbage is an important vegetable crop of Brassica species in cruciferae which is cross pollination of bisexual flowers with significant heterosis.The male sterile line is an ideal method for hybrid seed production.The development of Chinese cabbage pollen mainly goes through the meiosis of microspore mother cells,the development and degradation of tapetum,the formation of pollen wall,the maturation of pollen grains and anther cracking.The abnormal development of any stage may lead to pollen sterility in Chinese cabbage.In addition,substance metabolism,energy metabolism,and the regulation among phytohormones will directly or indirectly affect the normal pollen development in Chinese cabbage.Fingding out the genes involved in pollen development in Chinese cabbage,and elucidating the molecular biological characteristics,mechanisms and regulatory network of male sterility,are the key factors for producing hybrid seeds by using male sterile lines.This study reviewed the genetic types of male sterility in Chinese cabbage and its advances in cytology,physiology,biochemistry and molecular biology.Moreover,we also prospected the application of male sterility in Brassica vegetable crops.This study might provide valuable information for exploring the molecular mechanism of male sterility in Chinese cabbage.

关 键 词：大白菜 雄性不育 花粉 绒毡层 分子机理 

分 类 号：S634.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]