EMS诱变在植物育种中的研究与应用  

Research and Application of EMS Mutation in Plant Breeding

作　　者：臧辉[1,2] 任卫波[1] Zang Hui;Ren Weibo(Institute of Grassland Research,Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Hohhot,010010;Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Beijing,100081)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所,呼和浩特010010 [2]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2018年第17期5782-5788,共7页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家重点基础研究计划(973项目)(2014CB13880402);国家自然科学基金(31502008);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目共同资助

摘　　要：甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)是一种应用十分广泛的化学诱变剂,它的诱变效率高、诱变效果好。EMS诱变在植物育种上的应用,不仅可以打破传统的植物育种方式,获得的突变群体对培育植物新品种和丰富植物种质资源具有重要意义。我们对EMS诱变在植物育种中的研究与应用进行了综述,从植物诱变部位的选择、不同突变性状的分析、突变体的鉴定以及变异功能基因研究等多方面对EMS诱变育种研究进行了分析,并在此基础上对EMS诱变育种研究前景进行展望,以期为不同植物的诱变育种提供研究参考,为植物产量、品质及抗性研究提供新思路,这对于丰富植物诱变育种材料及加快植物育种进程具有重要意义。Ethyl methane sulfonate（EMS） is an effective and widely used chemical mutagen that has high mutagenic efficiency and good mutagenic effect.The application of EMS on plant breeding can break conventional plant breeding methods,and the mutant populations have an important significance to cultivate new varieties and enrich germplasm resources.We summarized the research and application of EMS mutation in plant breeding,and analyzed the research of EMS mutation breeding in many aspects,including the choice of plant induced parts,the analysis of different mutations,mutant identification and the research of variants functional genes.We also provided an outlook for EMS mutation breeding research prospects,hoping to provide research reference for different plant mutation breeding and new ideas for the plant production,quality and resistance research,which was of great significance to enrich plant mutation breeding materials and accelerate the process of plant breeding.

关 键 词：甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS) 化学诱变 育种 突变体 

分 类 号：S335[农业科学—作物遗传育种]