用于航天器火灾早期预警的HCN痕量气体检测研究  

Research on HCN Trace Gas Detection for Early Fire Warning in Spacecraft

作　　者：马欲飞 黄刚[2] 何应[1] 于欣[1] MA Yufei1 , HUANG Gang2 , HE Ying1 , YU Xin1(1. National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Tunable Laser, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; 2. National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, Chin)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学可调谐激光技术国家级重点实验室,哈尔滨150001 [2]中国航天员训练中心人因工程国家级重点实验室,北京100094

出　　处：《载人航天》2018年第4期536-540,共5页Manned Spaceflight

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61505041);载人航天预先研究项目(020401);黑龙江省自然科学基金(F2015011);中国博士后科学基金特等资助(2015T80350);中国博士后科学基金面上资助(2014M560262);黑龙江省博士后科学基金特别资助(LBH-TZ0602);黑龙江省博士后科学基金资助(LBH-Z14074);哈尔滨市应用技术研究与开发项目(2016RAQXJ140)

摘　　要：针对目前航天活动的日益频繁和航天器火灾所产生的致命影响,以载人航天器火灾预警为背景,采用石英增强光声光谱方法对火灾早期特征气体氰化氢(HCN)进行了检测研究。计算并选择了目标探测气体的红外吸收谱线,同时,通过试验对系统声波探测单元以及激光调制参数进行了优化,获得了1.7 ppm(10^(-6))的探测极限。对声波探测单元进行了优化设计,通过3D打印技术,研制出了微型声波探测模块。采用集成化的数字电路,其整机尺寸为25×25×10 cm^3,总体功耗约为7 W,最终实现了传感器整机系统的小型化和低功耗。Due to the intense space activities at present and the deadly consequences of fire in spacecraft, the early fire warning in manned spacecraft with the trace gas detection was studied with laser spectroscopy. Hydrogen cyanide （ HCN） gas was selected as the target analyte. First, the in-frared absorption spectrum of HCN molecule was calculated and selected. Then the acoustic wave detection system and the laser modulation parameters were optimized experimentally to a minimum detection limit of 1.7 ppm （ part per million, 10 -6 ） . To realize the practical application, the micro-acoustic detection module was developed with 3 D printing technique, and the sizes of the whole gas sensor was reduced with the integrated digital circuit. In the end, the developed HCN trace gas sen-sor system was x x cm in size and the overall power consumption was about W.

关 键 词：航天器火灾 痕量气体 气体传感 石英增强光声光谱 

分 类 号：V528[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]