光热感应温室自动控制系统设计  

Design of the Photo-Thermal Sensing Greenhouse Automatic Control System

作　　者：王琦 梁铎耀 孙竹梅 武斌 WANG Qi;LIANG Duoyao;SUN Zhumei;WU Bin(Deparment of Automation,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030013,China;Taiyuan Foreign Language School,Taiyuan 030027,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学自动化系,山西太原030013 [2]太原市外国语学校,山西太原030027

出　　处：《自动化仪表》2018年第9期59-62,共4页Process Automation Instrumentation

基　　金：山西省大学生创新创业训练计划基金资助项目(2018-033)

摘　　要：针对精细化养殖和栽培的需要,设计了温室自动控制系统,建立了温度、湿度和光照度满足生物生长所需条件的人造环境。温室自动控制系统以STC89C52RC微控制器为核心控制器,选用DS18B20数字式温度传感器、HIH3610湿度传感器和GY-30数字式光照度模块作为温室参数测量器件,配置加热器、通风机、雾化喷湿装置、遮光帘以及补光灯作为系统的执行机构。当参数偏离设定值时,控制器通过对执行机构的控制,实现温室系统光热湿参数的自动控制。不同于传统的位式控制,湿度和光照度的控制采用比例积分微分(PID)控制算法,通过改变喷水阀的开度和遮光帘百叶窗的倾角,连续调节喷水量和遮光量,有效提高了湿度和光照度控制的稳定性和准确性。根据实际需要,对系统参数期望值进行设定。该系统具有很强的控制灵活性,可满足多种生物对不同培育环境的要求。该系统造价低、参数控制精度高,对温室其他参数的控制有借鉴和参考价值。For the needs of precise breeding and cultivation,the automatic greenhouse control system is designed to establish an artificial environment to make temperature,humidity,and illumination meet the conditions required for biological growth. With STC89 C52 RC micro-controller as the core controller of greenhouse automatic control system,the DS18 B20 digital temperature sensor,HIH3610 humidity sensor and GY-30 digital illumination module are selected as the parameters sensing devices for the greenhouse. In addition,heater,fan,atomized spraying device,window blinds and auxiliary lights are configured as the actuators of system. When the parameter deviates from the set value,the controller will realize the automatic control of the heat and humidity parameters by controlling the actuators. Different from the traditional on/off control,the proportional integral derivative（ PID）control algorithm is adopted for the humidity and illumination control. By changing the opening of the water spray valve and the inclination of the blinds of the window-shades,and continuously adjusting the amount of water spray and the amount of shading,it effectively improves the stability and accuracy of the humidity and illumination control. As the system parameters can be preset according to actual needs,the system has a strong control flexibility and can meet the requirements of different breeding environments. The system features low cost,high control precision,it can be used as reference for controlling other greenhouse parameters.

关 键 词：温室 光热感应 自动控制系统 微控制器 连续控制 测量传感器 执行机构 越限报警 

分 类 号：TH-39[机械工程] TP273[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]