毒氟磷在大棚和露地西瓜和土壤中的残留消解动态  

Residue Dynamics of Dufulin in Watermelon and Soil under Open Field and Greenhouse Conditions

作　　者：郑坤明 贾贵飞 龚瑾 王鸟 张侃侃[1] 薛伟[1] 卢平[1] 陈泠竹 胡德禹[1] ZHENG Kun-ming;JIA Gui-fei;GONG Jin;WANG Niao;ZHANG Kan-kan;XUE Wei;LU Ping;CHEN Ling-zhu;HU De-yu(Research and Development Center for Fine Chemicals,State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering,Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering,Ministry of Education,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学精细化工研究开发中心,绿色农药与农业生物工程国家重点实验室培育基地和教育部重点实验室,贵阳550025

出　　处：《农药》2018年第8期575-577,592,共4页Agrochemicals

基　　金：贵州省重大科技专项(2016024);贵州大学研究生创新基金项目(2015052)

摘　　要：[目的]比较大棚和露地条件下毒氟磷在西瓜中的消解动态差异,为毒氟磷在西瓜上的科学和安全使用提供数据支持。[方法]采用超高效液相色谱法测定大棚和露地条件下毒氟磷在西瓜中的残留量,比较分析毒氟磷在大棚和露地的消解动态规律。在0.01～5.0 mg/kg添加水平下,毒氟磷的平均回收率分别为84.5%～103.9%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.2%～7.5%。[结果]30%毒氟磷可湿粉剂在大棚和露地按推荐剂量为510.75 g a.i./hm2喷洒西瓜和土壤,降解速度与其栽培方式有关,在露地西瓜和土壤中的半衰期分别为5.1、3.0 d,7 d可降解80%和90%以上;在大棚西瓜和土壤中的半衰期分别为6.0、5.6 d,14 d可降解80%和90%以上。[结论]毒氟磷在大棚条件下使用比在露地使用更加难以降解,降解半衰期更长。[Aims] For comparative study of dufulin residues degradation in watermelon under open field and greenhouse conditions as well as provide data references for future application on watermelon and improve safety procedure measures. [Methods] The UPLC method was employed to determine the residues of dufulin in watermelon under open field and greenhouse conditions. The corresponding results were used for the comparative analysis of the degradation dynamics of the dufulin in watermelon under open field and greenhouse conditions. The mean recoveries of dufulin in samples ranged from 84.5 to 103.9% at 0.01-5.0 mg/kg with relative standard deviation（RSD） of 1.2-7.5%.[Results] The data indicated that dufulin was rapidly degraded in watermelon and soil with double recommended dosage（510.75 g a.i/ha）, the degradation velocity was related to cultivation methods. The half-lives of dufulin in watermelon under open field and greenhouse conditions were 5.1 and 6.0 d, and degrade rates were above 80% after 7 and14 d, respectively. The half-lives of dufulin in soil under open field and greenhouse conditions were 3.0 and 5.6 d, and degrade rates were above 90% after 7 and 14 d, respectively. [Conclusions] The half-lives in greenhouse were longer than that in open field, which showed that dufulin in greenhouse was more slow to be degraded than that in open field.

关 键 词：毒氟磷 西瓜 土壤 大棚 露地 

分 类 号：TQ450.2[化学工程—农药化工]