土石混合介质中碎石性质对土壤水分特征曲线的影响分析  

Effects of the Gravel Physical Properties of the Soil-gravel Media on the Water Retention Curve

作　　者：韩春苗 甘永德[2,4] 贾仰文[2] 陈喜 苏辉东[2] 刘欢[2] HAN Chun-miao;GAN Yong-de;JIA Yang-wen;CHEN Xi;SU Hui-dong;LIU Huan(College of Hydrology and Water Resources,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,Jiangsu Province,China;National Key Laboratory of Basin Water Cycle Simulation and Control,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,Qinghai Province,China;Beijing Hydrology Bureau,Beijing 100058,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源学院,江苏南京210098 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038 [3]北京市水文总站,北京100058 [4]青海大学省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2018年第8期86-90,共5页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2015CB452701); 国家自然科学基金项目(51379215,50939006); “流域水循环模拟与调控”国家重点实验室自主研究课题(2016ZY03)

摘　　要：土壤水分特征曲线是研究多孔介质非饱和带土壤水分运动的关键参数。为研究土石介质中碎石性质对土壤水分特征曲线的影响,采用高速离心机,测定了两种不同岩性碎石(片麻岩和石灰岩)分别在碎石质量比例(碎石占土石介质比例)为0%、10%、20%、30%和40%条件下的土壤水分特征曲线,并运用了RETC软件的VG(van Genuchten)模型对土壤水分特征曲线进行了拟合分析。结果表明:(1)相同土壤水吸力条件下,土壤含水量随碎石比例的增大而减小;(2)相同碎石比例条件下,土壤水吸力相同时含石灰岩土石混合介质含水量降低幅度大于片麻岩;(3)VG模型可以拟合含不同性质碎石土石混合介质水分特征曲线,但拟合参数不稳定;(4)含石灰岩碎石的土石混合介质的土壤饱和含水量只与土壤所占比例有关,而含片麻岩碎石的土石混合介质的土壤饱和含水量与土壤和碎石各自所占比例均有关。研究结果可以为土石山区土壤水分运动过程计算提供一定参考。To understand the role of gravel on the soil water retention,this paper uses high-speed centrifuge to measure the soil water characteristics curve of samples with two different lithologic crushed stone（ gneiss and limestone） of four ratios： 0%,10%,20%,30% and40%. The VG（ van Genuchten） model of RETC software is used to analyze the soil water characteristics curve. The results suggest that（1）Under the same soil water suction condition,the soil water content decreases with the increase in gravel ratios.（2） Under the same soil water suction and the same gravel ratio condition,the soil water content of limestone mixture decreases more than gneiss ones.（3） VG model can be used to fit the water characteristics curve of soil and rock mixed media,soil saturated water content from the above model is just related to gravel ratios for limestone mixed media,but that is related to soil and gravel ratios for Gneiss mixed media.

关 键 词：土壤水分特征曲线 土石混合介质 片麻岩 石灰岩 土壤饱和含水量 

分 类 号：S157.72[农业科学—土壤学] TV93[农业科学—农业基础科学]