基于FPGA的单光子雪崩光电二极管的标定系统  

The Calibration System of Single-photon Avalanche Diode Based on FPGA

作　　者：王永 陈修亮[1] 李召辉[1] 陶宇亮[2] 彭欢[2] 史学舜[3] 吴光[1] WANG Yong;CHEN Xiu-liang;LI Zhao-hui;TAO Yu-liang;PENG Huan;SHI Xue-shun;WU Guang(East China Normal University,State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy,Shanghai 200062,China;Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics ＆ Electricity,Beijing 100091,China;The 41 st Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation and Science and Technology on Electronic Test ＆ Measurement Laboratory,Qingdao 266555,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学,精密光谱科学与技术国家重点实验室,上海200062 [2]北京空间机电研究所,北京100091 [3]中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所,山东青岛266555

出　　处：《量子光学学报》2018年第3期349-356,共8页Journal of Quantum Optics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11774095)

摘　　要：目前单光子雪崩光电二极管的标定系统主要是通过分立的通用测试仪器搭建而成。由于单光子雪崩光电二极管的工作模式存在多样化的特点,因此使用该方法搭建的标定系统具有缺乏兼容性、复杂度高、集成化程度低等不足。针对这些问题,本文发展了一种基于现场可编程门阵列的,可以兼容各种雪崩抑制模式的,高度集成化的多种材料体系器件兼容的单光子雪崩光电二极管标定系统。该系统使用现场可编程门阵列替代函数发生器、脉冲产生器和计数器等仪器设备,并利用现场可编程门阵列实现不同雪崩抑制模式下雪崩光电二极管的驱动电路和标定光源的智能切换,从而大幅提高了系统的兼容性和集成化程度,也进一步降低了系统的复杂度、提高了系统的稳定度。文中,我们利用该系统对工作在主动抑制模式的硅雪崩光电二极管和门控盖革模式的铟镓砷/铟磷雪崩光电二极管进行了标定实验。标定结果显示所标定的硅雪崩光电二极管的最大探测效率为49.82%,对应暗计数为1.41kHz;铟镓砷/铟磷雪崩光电二极管的最大探测效率为7.14%,对应暗计数为831 Hz,在探测效率为5%时,后脉冲的概率为5.84%。实验结果表明,我们为单光子雪崩光电二极管标定提供了一种便捷的一体化解决方案,提高了单光子雪崩光电二极管的标定效率和标定系统的实用化程度。The single-photon avalanche diode calibration system is conventionally built by individual general test instruments.Due to the diversity of the work mode of the single-photon avalanche diode,the traditional calibration system is of low compatibility,high complexity and low integration.In this paper,we proposed a single-photon avalanche diode calibration system based on FPGA instead of the general instrument.This system was integrated with calibration laser sources of different wavelength,and compatible with various avalanche quenching modes.Furthermore,the intelligent switching of the laser sources and the avalanche suppression circuits was realized by the FPGA,which improved the compatibility,complexity,integration and stability of the system.A Si avalanche photodiode worked in an active quenching mode and an InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiode in gated Geiger mode was used to demonstrate the performance of the calibration system.In the demonstration,the measured detection efficiency of the Si avalanche photodiode was up to49.82%,while the dark count was 1.41 KHz,and the maximum detection efficiency and corresponding dark count of InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiode was 7.14% and 831 Hz.The afterpulse rate of InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiode was 5.84% at detection efficiency of 5.00%.The result showed that this integrated calibration system was able to calibrate the performance of various single-photon avalanche diode in different avalanche quenching modes efficiently.

关 键 词：单光子雪崩光电二极管 雪崩抑制 现场可编程门阵列 探测器标定 

分 类 号：O431[机械工程—光学工程]