入侵植物刺萼龙葵的繁殖保障及其与种群大小的关系  

Reproductive assurance in invasive Solanum rostratum and its relationship to population size

作　　者：张丽娟[1] 娄安如[1] ZHANG Lijuan;LOU Anru(State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology,College of Life Sciences,Beijing Normal University,100875,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学生命科学学院北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第4期491-497,共7页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31270462)

摘　　要：在京冀地区选取了6个具有不同大小和密度的种群,采用自然对照、去除雄蕊处理和排除传粉者处理等实验方法,统计分析了不同处理下的结实率和每果实种子数量.研究发现:刺萼龙葵的株高、每株果实数量和每果实种子数量在不同种群间存在显著差异,其中每果实种子数量与种群密度间存在显著的正相关关系,说明刺萼龙葵在入侵过程中存在潜在的阿利效应;刺萼龙葵去除雄蕊后的结实率和每果实种子数量分别显著地比自然对照低了58.82%和13.77%,刺萼龙葵种群的平均繁殖保障指数为0.14±0.04,且与种群大小有显著的负相关关系,说明虽然自发自交形成的种子在果实中占有的比例较少,但自发自交在刺萼龙葵入侵过程中起了一定的繁殖保障作用,种群越小,繁殖保障效应越明显.To check Allee effect and reproductive assurance during Solanum rostratuminvasion,we chose six populations in Beijing and in Hebei Province,analyzed differences in fruit set and number of seeds per fruit between natural control,emasculation and pollinator exclusion treatments.Significant differences were found in plant height,number of fruits per plant,number of seeds per fruit between different populations,number of fruits per plant showed significant positive correlation with population density,suggesting potential Allee effect during Solanum rostratuminvasion.Fruit set and number of seeds per fruit for emasculated flowers were found to be significantly lower than untreated flowers（58.82% and 13.77% respectively）. Mean index of reproductive assurance（RA）of Solanum rostratum populations was found to be 0.14±0.04,which showed significant negative correlation with population size.These data indicated that reproductive assurance through autonomous selfing plays a role during invasion of Solanum rostratum,even though seeds from self-fertilization had only a small proportion in the fruit.Smaller the population,more important reproductive assurance was.

关 键 词：入侵植物 阿利效应 繁殖保障 去除雄蕊 刺萼龙葵 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]