淮河流域枯水流量演变特征、成因与影响研究  

Characteristics of low streamflow:possible causes and implications in Huaihe River basin

作　　者：孙玉燕 孙鹏 姚蕊 张强[2] 史培军[2] 王友贞 SUN Yuyan;SUN Peng;YAO Rui;ZHANG Qiang;SHI Peijun;WANG Youzhen(College of Geography and Tourism,Anhui Normal University（School of Geography and Tourism,Anhui Normal University）,241002,Wuhu,Anhui,China;Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster,Ministry of Education,Beijing Normal University,100875,Beijing,China;Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Regional Response in the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin,Anhui Province,241003,Wuhu,Anhui,China;State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology,Beijing Normal University,100875,Beijing,China;Key Laboratory of Water Conservancy and Water Resources of Anhui Province,Water Resources Research Institute of Anhui Province and Huaihe River,233060,Bengbu,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学地理与旅游学院,安徽芜湖241002 [2]北京师范大学环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室,北京100875 [3]地表过程与区域响应安徽省重点实验室,安徽芜湖241002 [4]北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京100875 [5]安徽省水利部淮河水利委员会水利科学研究院水利水资源安徽省重点实验室,安徽蚌埠233060

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第4期543-552,共10页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41601023;41771536);国家杰出青年科学基金资助项目(51425903);地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目(2017-KF-04);中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目(IWHR-SKL-201720);环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室开放基金资助项目;安徽省自然科学基金资助项目(1808085QD117)

摘　　要：基于1956—2016年淮河流域9个水文站的日径流量系列数据,采用M-K非参数检验法、小波分析等方法,研究淮河流域连续最小1、7、15、30d平均流量(枯水流量)时空演变规律.研究发现:1)淮河流域枯水流量Cv值为0.23~1.34,年最小枯水流量为0.002~24.5m^3·s^(-1),枯水流量年际变化剧烈.息县、王家坝、蒋家集和横排头站在4种序列中的变异点多发生于2001年;阜阳和鲁台子站在4种序列中的变异点均出现在1964年.各站点变异时间多发生在20世纪60年代初及21世纪初.2)息县、潢川、班台和王家坝站在Q1、Q7、Q15中的变化趋势基本一致,整体呈震荡上升趋势.阜阳站和蚌埠站变化恰好相反.空间分布上,上游枯水流量呈增加趋势,而中游则呈下降趋势.3)息县、班台、阜阳、蚌埠和鲁台子这5个站点均在1960—1977年存在显著周期,潢川、班台、王家坝、蒋家集、横排头和蚌埠站在1997—2012年的时间段内存在2.0~4.6a的显著周期变化.Daily runoff series at nine hydrological stations from 1956-2016 in the Huaihe River basin were used to investigate spatial and temporal patterns of consecutive 1-day,7-day,15-day,30-day minimum streamflow regimes in the middle and upper Huaihe River basin,by Mann-Kendall non-parametric trend test,wavelet analysis and correlation analysis.This will help to rationally use the limited water resources in the Huaihe River basin.Cv values of low flow in lower and middle Huaihe River basin were found to be from 0.23 and 1.29.Annual minimum instantaneous low flow ranged from 0.002 and 24.5 m3·s-1 with drastic fluctuations.Change points of the four flow series were observed in 2001 at Xixian,Wangjiaba,Jiangjiaji and Hengpaitou stations.Change points of the four streamflow series at Fuyang and Lutaizi stations were found in1964.Change points of streamflow series at all stations in the Huaihe River basin were found to be mainly in the early 1960 sand early 21 st century.Similar changes could be observed for Q1,Q7 and Q15 at Xixian,Huangchuan,Bantai and Wangjiaba stations with generally upward trends.Similar decreasing tendency for Q1,Q7 and Q30 has been observed at Fuyang and Bengbu stations.From the spatial viewpoints,low flow in upper Huaihe River basin was increasing but ecreasing in the middle Huaihe River basin.Significant periodicity of2.0-14.0 years for streamflow changes could be detected from 1960-1977 at Xixian,Bantai,Fuyang,Bengbu and Lutaizi stations with periodicity changes of 2.0-4.6 years from 1997-2012.

关 键 词：枯水流量 变异点 趋势变化 淮河流域 

分 类 号：P954[天文地球—自然地理学]