基于金刚石体系中氮-空位色心的固态量子传感  

Solid quantum sensor based on nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond

作　　者：董杨 杜博[1] 张少春 陈向东[1] 孙方稳[1] Dong Yang,Du Bo,Zhang Shao-Chun,Chen Xiang-Dong,Sun Fang-Wen.(Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学中国科学院量子信息重点实验室,合肥230026

出　　处：《物理学报》2018年第16期1-19,共19页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号：91536219,61522508,11504363)和国家重点基础研究发展计划(批准号：2017YFA0304504)资助的课题.

摘　　要：在室温下,金刚石中的氮-空位(NV)色心具有荧光强度稳定、电子自旋相干时间长以及与生俱来的原子尺寸的特点,是优良的纳米量子传感器.在成像领域中,将各种超分辨成像显微技术应用于NV色心体系,发展出多种高空间纳米分辨率的成像方法.此外,NV色心作为固态量子比特可以通过光学方法对其进行初始化和读取.NV色心电子自旋量子态还可以与电磁场、应力等进行相干耦合.基于这些耦合,科研人员在实验上实现了对相关物理量纳米级空间分辨率的高灵敏表征.目前这些量子传感技术可以应用在新材料、单个蛋白质核自旋、活体神经元等方面的测量中.本综述主要介绍金刚石中NV色心纳米量子传感器件的工作原理、实验实现和优化以及在相关领域的应用.Solid-state electronic spin system of the nitrogen-vacancy （NV） center in diamond is attractive as a nanoscale quantum sensor under room-temperature dueto its unique characteristics such as stable fluorescence, long coherent time, and near-atomic size under ambient conditions. Nowadays, the NV center plays a significant role in super-resolution microscopies. Different super-resolution microscopies have been used on NV center to archievenanoscale spatial resolution. Moreover, the spin state in NV center can be regraded as a solid-state qubit, which can be optically polarized and read out. The spin state can couple with electromagnetic fields and strain, which enables the NV center to be an excellent quantum sensor with high spatial resolution and high sensitivity. Such an NV-center based quantum sensing technique is being developed for applications in newmateriales, single protein nuclear spin dynamic field, life science, etc. This review will introduce the basic principle of such a nanoscale quantum sensor, the experimental realization, methods of enhancing the sensitivity, and some applications in high-spatial-resolution and high-sensitivity sensing.

关 键 词：氮-空位色心 纳米尺度 室温量子传感 量子增强 

分 类 号：O413.1[理学—理论物理]