现行草地产权制度下牧户的技术效率分析  

Analysis on herder's technology efficiency under current grassland tenure system

作　　者：刘博[1] 励汀郁 谭淑豪[1] 赵青 LIU Bo;LI Tingyu;TAN Shuhao;ZHAO Qing(School of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院,北京100872

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2018年第9期42-48,共7页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金项目(16XNI004)资助

摘　　要：高效的牧业生产是提高牧民牧业收入的关键。文中基于来自内蒙古草原牧区422个牧户的数据,采用随机前沿分析,探讨现行草地产权制度下牧业生产的技术效率问题。结果表明:在现有制度和技术状态下,牧业生产的技术效率值仅为0.53,这与牧户自身的理论产出前沿相比存在较大的效率损失。不同于舒尔茨及诸多基于农区研究发现的农户"小而有效",现行草地产权制度下的牧户经营是"小而无效"的。进一步讨论发现,加大棚圈投入有助于牲畜抵御恶劣的自然环境,从而提高技术效率;鼓励牧户参与草地租赁市场以实现资源的合理配置也是提高技术效率的有效途径。所得结果从一定程度上说明现行草地经营制度不适合牧业生产,因此,有必要创新适合草原畜牧业的经营方式。Efficient husbandry production is vital for herders to increase livestock income. The technology efficiency was analyzed by using stochastic frontier model on 422 herders ＇ data from Inner Mongolia. Results showed that under current grassland tenure system,the mean value of herders＇ technology efficiency score was0. 53,suggesting that there existed a large efficiency loss with reference to the theoretical production frontier. It indicated that unlike Schulz＇s opinion that farmers were small but efficient,the herders were small but inefficient. Herders＇ investment in sheds can help livestock resist harsh environment and thus improve technology efficiency. Besides,herders＇ participation in grassland renting market was also an effective way to improve herders＇ technology efficiency. The empirical results illustrate the current grassland tenure systems are not suitable for grassland. Some innovations in management for grassland are necessary.

关 键 词：草地产权制度 牧业生产 随机前沿分析 技术效率 内蒙古牧区 

分 类 号：F327.8[经济管理—产业经济]