包头市居民应对PM_(2.5)污染行为选择及意愿研究  

Research on resident's behavior selection and willingness in respond to PM_(2.5) pollution in Baotou

作　　者：同丽嘎[1,2] 李雪铭[1,3] 张靖[1,4] 田深圳 TONG Liga;LI Xueming;ZHANG Jing;TIAN Shenzhen(School of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116029;College of Resources and Environment,Baotou Normal College,Baotou 014030;Human Settlement Environment Research Center,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116029;College of Environment and Resources,Dalian Minza University,Dalian 116600,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学城市与环境学院,大连116029 [2]包头师范学院资源与环境学院,包头014030 [3]辽宁师范大学人居环境研究中心,大连116029 [4]大连民族大学环境与资源学院,大连116600

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2018年第9期103-108,共6页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：内蒙古自然科学基金项目(编号:2014MS0401);国家自然科学基金项目(41671158)资助

摘　　要：PM_(2.5)污染物可进入人体呼吸系统的深部及血液循环系统,危害人体健康。随着公众对该污染危害了解程度加深,在应对PM_(2.5)污染方面,其出行、购物、运动、择居等是主动防护还是规避,是否发生改变、是否与人口特征有关。为此,文中通过问卷调查,在了解包头市居民对PM_(2.5)的健康风险认知、防范措施等基础上,采用卡方检验和最优尺度模型分析人口特征与居民应对PM_(2.5)污染的适应行为的关系。结论如下:居民对PM_(2.5)的污染成因、健康风险及污染消减方法等认知程度较高,他们的出行、择居行为因PM_(2.5)污染而改变;对于PM_(2.5)污染的健康危害,低年龄组居民主动应对、重视"防护",高年龄组居民则选择"规避"暴露风险,且他们将环境/空气质量因素作为择居首要考虑因素,期待高质量生活环境。PM2.5 pollutants can enter the deep part of the human respiratory system and blood circulation system,endanger the human health. In recent years,with the understanding of the PM2.5 pollution for public,if the people＇s behaviors such as travel,shopping,morning exercise,choice of residence are affected by PM2.5 pollution,or affected by demographic characteristics are needed to be studied. So we carried on a questionnaire survey,to understand the residents＇ awareness and preventive measures under the PM2.5 health risk in Baotou City. The chi-square test and the optimal scale model were used to understand the relationship between population characteristics and residents behaviors in respond to PM2.5 pollution. The conclusions are as follows： residents have a certain degree of awareness of the causes of PM2.5 pollution,its health risks and the way to diminish its impact,and their travel and housing selection change due to PM2.5 pollution. For PM2.5 pollution hazards,younger residents take the initiative to pay attention to ＂ protection ＂. The olders chose ＇avoid＇ behavior to exposure risk. And they chose the air quality/environmental factors as primary factors to consider,to expect high quality living environment.

关 键 词：PM2.5 空气污染 问卷调查 行为选择 最优尺度模型 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]