宝鸡城区土壤重金属空间分布特征及生态风险评价  

Spatial distribution and risk assessment of heavy metals in urban soils of Baoji city

作　　者：张军[1,2] 董洁[2] 梁青芳 耿雅妮 王文科[1] 王周锋[1] ZHANG Jun;DONG Jie;LIANG Qingfang;GENG Yani;WANG Wenke;WANG Zhoufeng(I.Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education,Chang＇ an University,Xi＇ an 710054,Chi-na;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Monitoring and Mechanism Simulation,Baoji University of Arts and Sciences,Baoji 721013,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室,西安710064 [2]宝鸡文理学院陕西省灾害监测与机理模拟重点实验室,宝鸡721013

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2018年第10期100-106,共7页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41071359);旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室项目(310829151140:310829151141);陕西省地理学重点学科资助

摘　　要：通过对宝鸡市城区表层土壤中8种重金属元素(Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn、As、Cr、Mn和Ni)含量测定,以污染负荷指数(PLI)和潜在生态风险指数(RI)对土壤重金属污染进行评价,并采用Arc GIS10.2和地统计法绘制土壤重金属含量和风险等级空间分布图。结果表明:Cu、Ni、Zn、Cd的均值都超过了陕西省土壤背景值,其中元素Zn和Cd达到重度污染水平。城区土壤重金属总污染负荷指数(PLIzone)为1.23,属于轻度污染状态。RI的平均值为347.17,属于中等生态风险;RI及Cd元素空间分布相似,高值区主要集中在虢镇附近及城西南老工业区。宝鸡市土壤重金属含量、风险等级在时间维度上呈逐年递增趋势,在空间维度上呈现污染区域由城区西南部向东部迁移的特征。Eight heavy metals（ Cd,Pb,Cu,Zn,As,Cr,Mn and Ni） in the surface soil of Baoji city were determined. The pollution load index（ PLI） and the potential ecological risk index（ RI） were used to evaluate the soil heavy metals pollution,and Arc GIS10. 2 and the geostatistic method were used to draw the spatial distribution map of heavy metal content and risk grade. The results showed that the average concentrations of Cu,Ni,Zn and Cd exceeded the soil background values of Shaanxi Province,and Zn and Cd reached the heavily pollution level. The total heavy metal pollution load index（ PLIzone） of the urban soil was 1. 23,which belonged to the slight pollution. The average value of RI was 347. 17,which was of moderate ecological risk. RI and Cd elements were similar to the spatial distribution,and the high value areas were mainly concentrated in Guo town and the old industrial area. The content and risk level of soil heavy metals increased year by year. The spatial dimension showed the migration of the polluted area from southwest to east.

关 键 词：城市土壤 重金属 空间分布 风险评价 宝鸡市 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]