马铃薯微垄覆膜侧播机种侧自动扎孔渗水系统设计与试验  

Design and test of automatic punching seepage system for micro-ridge and plastic mulching potato side seeder

作　　者：张志强 陈伟[1] 吴英思[1] 杜文亮[1] 樊明寿[2] ZHANG Zhiqiang;CHEN Wei;WU Yingsi;DU Wenliang;FAN Mingshou(Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;Agronomy Courtyard,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学机电工程学院,呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古农业大学农学院,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2018年第10期203-208,共6页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2012CB126307);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303104)资助

摘　　要：雨水是干旱半干旱地区雨养农业的主要水源。微垄覆膜技术可以降低土壤水分无效蒸发,但也隔绝了雨水的渗入。针对2CM-4型旱作马铃薯微垄覆膜侧播机膜沟雨水的利用问题,设计了一套基于STC89C51单片机的膜沟种侧自动扎孔渗水系统。该系统可以自动检测种薯下落位置、渗水系统前进距离;采用C语言编写了自动检测和执行扎孔程序;利用电吸盘和杠杆作为扎孔的执行机构。田间试验结果表明:当马铃薯微垄覆膜侧播机前进速度为3km/h,地轮滑移率为4.8%,单片机输出延时时间为100ms时,自动扎孔渗水系统能够将孔扎在膜沟种侧,渗水孔距离种薯176mm;渗水孔宽度4 mm,长度76mm;渗水孔间距564mm。自动扎孔渗水系统解决了膜沟雨水的渗入问题。Rainwater is the main source of rain-fed agriculture in arid and semi-arid areas. Micro-ridge and plastic mulching technology can reduce the evaporation of soil moisture,but cut off from the infiltration of the rain. Aiming at the rainwater utilization of the 2 CM-4 micro-ridge and plastic mulching rain-fed potato side seeder,a set of automatic punching seepage system was designed based on the AT89 S51 single-chip to punch on the side of the film where the potato seed is located. The system can automatically detect the potato seed＇s falling position and the system＇s progressive distance. Using C language to write the automatic detection and punching programs. Utilizing electric chuck and leverage as actuator of punching. Field experiment results show that when the speed of the seeder was 3 km/h,wheel slip rate was 4. 8% and the single-chip output delay time was 100 ms,the automatic punching seepage system could punch a hole on the plastic film at bottom side of the ridge,the seepage hole is 176 mm from the seed; seepage hole width is 4 mm,length is 76 mm; seepage hole＇s interval is 564 mm. The automatic punching seepage system solves the problem of plastic film＇s bottom water infiltration.

关 键 词：播种机 渗水孔 STC89C51 自动扎孔系统 干旱半干旱 自动化 

分 类 号：S223.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程] TP271[农业科学—农业工程]