不同施肥方式烤烟叶片矿质元素含量变化及其与干物质积累的关系  

Relationship between dry matter accumulation and mineral element contents in flue-cured tobacco leaves under different fertilization patterns

作　　者：霍昭光 孙志浩[1] 邢雪霞[1] 李晓辉[1] 武恒燕 席奇亮 薛刚[1] 徐世晓[1] 杨铁钊[1] HUO Shao-guang;SUN Zhi-hao;XING Xue-xia;LI Xiao-hui;WU Heng-yan;XI Qi-liang;XUE Gang;XU Shi-xiao;YANG Tie-zhao(College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou Henan 45000)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2018年第4期60-66,共7页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：中国烟草总公司河南省公司科技项目(HNZY102015004)

摘　　要：为了研究不同施肥方式下烤烟叶片中N、P、K、Ca、Mg、B、Cu、Fe、Mn、Zn 10种矿质元素的含量变化及其与干物质积累间的相关性,于2015~2016年连续2年以南阳市烤烟品种云烟87为试材,设置3种不同的施肥方式(T1:沟灌常规施肥,T2:水肥一体化,T3:水肥一体化+黄腐酸钾)在田间进行对比试验。结果显示,烟叶中10种矿质元素含量高低表现为N>Ca>K>P>Mg>Mn>Fe>Zn>B>Cu;水肥一体化处理矿质元素含量显著高于常规处理。不同施肥方式下叶片内矿质元素含量的变化趋势表现为N、Ca、Mn、Zn,呈先上升后下降的趋势,60~80 d达到峰值;K、Cu、Fe含量在生育期内呈逐渐下降趋势,Mg元素含量表现为先下降后上升;B、P含量在生育期内变化差异不明显;叶片内N、P、K含量之间均呈极显著正相关,表明这3种元素彼此间存在增效作用;Fe与N、Ca、Mg、Mn 4种元素含量变化呈极显著负相关,表明Fe与这4种元素间均存在拮抗作用。元素含量与干物质积累间的相关性分析表明,N、P、K在40~70 d内均与干物质积累呈显著正相关。因此与常规处理相比,水肥一体化能提高烟株对矿质元素的吸收和积累,促进后期落黄成熟,提高干物质积累量。In order to study the contents variety of the mineral elements N, P, K, Ca, Mg, B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn in flue-cured tobacco leaves and their correlation with dry matter accumulation under different fertilization patterns, the main flue- cured tobacco variety grown in Nanyang, Yunya 87, had been used as the test material for comparison test in 2015 N 2016. Three treatments were set up, i. e. T1 ： conventional irrigation and fertilization, T2 ： water and fertilizer integration, T3 ： wa- ter and fertilizer integration ＋ bio-potassium fertilizer. The results showed that the contents of the 10 kinds of mineral elements in the tobacco were in the order of N 〉 Ca 〉 K 〉 P 〉 Mg 〉 Mn 〉 Fe 〉 Zn 〉 B 〉 Cu, and they were higher in treatments of T2 and 33 than T1. The annum variation trend of mineral elements in leaves under different fertilization patterns showed as that N, Ca, Mn and Zn had a tendency to rise firstly and then decreased and reached the peak at 60 ^ 80 d, K, Cu and Fe de- creased continuously, Mg decreased firstly and then rised, the changes of B and P content in the whole growth period were not obvious. There were significant positive correlations between the content of N, P and K in leaves, indicating that there were synergistic effects among N, P and K. There was a significant negative correlation between the change of Fe and N, Ca, Mg, Mn contents, indicating that there was antagonistic effect between Fe and N, Ca, Mg, Mn. The correlation analysis between elemental contents and dry matter accumulation showed that N, P and K had significant positive correlation with dry matter ac- cumulation in 40 ^ 70 days. In summary, the water and fertilizer integration can improve the absorption and accumulation of mineral elements, promote the maturity and yellowing at the later stage, and increase the dry matter accumulation.

关 键 词：烟株 叶片 干物质 矿质元素 

分 类 号：S147.2[农业科学—肥料学] S572[农业科学—农业基础科学]