叶面追施硝态氮肥抑制菠萝营养生长效应  

Effect of nitrate nitrogen on inhibiting the vegetative growth of pineapple

作　　者：陈菁[1] 徐明岗 孙光明[1] 石伟琦[1] 冼皑敏[1] 马海洋[1] CHEN Jing;XU Ming-gang;SUN Guang-ming;SHI Wei-qi;XIAN Ai-min;MA Hai-yang(South Subtropical Crops Re-search Institute of China Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition,Hainan Province,Zhanjiang Guangdong 524091)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所/海南省热带作物营养重点实验室,广东湛江524091

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2018年第4期82-86,共5页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金(No.313057);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(菠萝营养及水肥一体化骨干专家项目)

摘　　要：采用叶面淋施的盆栽试验方法,以我国菠萝主栽品种-巴厘为试材,研究不同形态氮素对盆栽菠萝营养生长和菠萝叶片黄化的影响,为菠萝氮肥合理施用提供参考。试验结果表明,叶面淋施硝态氮处理的菠萝根、茎叶生物量显著低于叶面淋施铵态氮、酰胺态氮,黄叶数显著高于叶面淋施铵态氮、酰胺态氮。与铵态氮相比,硝态氮处理的菠萝总叶数、根数目、根重、茎叶重分别减少18.7%、26.5%、49.7%、43.5%,黄叶数增加192.7%。叶面淋施硝态氮抑制菠萝营养生长主要机理是硝态氮提高了土壤p H值,减少了铁吸收,降低菠萝叶片中全铁、活性铁、叶绿素含量(与铵态氮相比,分别减少25.9%、66.9%、23.2%)。Based on experiment of pot-cultivating with foliage spraying for main varieties of pineapple（ var. yellow Mauritius）,effects of nitrogen forms on the vegetative growth and chlorosis of pineapple were investigated so as to provide reference for rational application of nitrogen fertilizer for pineapple. The results showed that the biomass of roots,stem and leaves of pineapple by foliage spraying nitrate nitrogen was significantly lower than that by foliage spraying ammonium nitrogen or amide nitrogen,but the number of pineapple chlorosis leaves was more than that by foliage spraying ammonium nitrogen or amide nitrogen.Compared with ammonium nitrogen treatment,nitrate nitrogen treatment decreased total number of pineapple leaves,number of roots,the weight of roots,the weight of stem and leaves by 18. 7%,26. 5%,49. 7%,43. 5%,respectively,and increased number of yellow leaves by 192. 7%. The main mechanism of nitrate nitrogen inhibiting the vegetative growth of pineapple was that nitrate nitrogen significantly increased the value of p H in soil,and significantly decreased Fe absorption and total Fe,active Fe,chlorophyll content of pineapple leaves（ decreasing by 25. 9%,66. 9%,23. 2% compared with ammonium nitrogen,respectively）.

关 键 词：叶面淋施 菠萝 硝态氮 铵态氮 营养生长 

分 类 号：S143.13[农业科学—肥料学] S668.3[农业科学—农业基础科学]