钾素水平对二年生三七全生育期光合特性及产量的影响  

Effects of potassium application rate on photosynthetic characteristics and storage root yield of Panax notoginseng in the whole growth period

作　　者：杜彩艳[1,2,3] 张乃明 包立 杜建磊[4] 米艳华 陈璐[2] 孔令明 DU Cai-yan;ZHANG Nai-ming;BAO Li;DU Jian-lei;MI Yan-hua;CHEN Lu;KONG Ling-ming(Institute of Agricultural Resources ＆ Environment,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming Yunnan 650205;Institue of Agricuture Quality Standards and Testing Technique,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming Yun-nan 650205;Soil Fertilizer and Pollution Repair Engineering Laboratory of Yunnan Province,Kunming Yunnan 650201;College of Resource and Environment,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming Yunnan 650201)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,云南昆明650205 [2]云南省农业科学院质量标准与检测技术研究所,云南昆明650205 [3]云南省土壤培肥与污染修复工程实验室,云南昆明650201 [4]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2018年第4期107-113,共7页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：科技创新人才计划(2015HC018);对外科技合作计划-院士专家工作站(2015IC022)

摘　　要：选取二年生三七[Panax notoginseng(Burk.)F.H.Chen]作试验材料,通过田间试验研究了不同钾水平(K_2O 0、337.5、450、675、1 012.5 kg/hm^2)对三七不同生长时期叶绿素Chl(a+b)含量、光合特性及收获期块茎产量的影响。结果表明,施钾处理均显著增加了三七叶片Chl(a+b)含量,提高了净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr),降低了胞间CO_2浓度(Ci),增加了光合产物的生产和积累,提高了三七块茎产量。不同钾用量条件下,三七块茎产量以K3处理(675 kg/hm^2)最高,较K0处理增产17.17%。不同钾用量条件下,三七叶片光合参数对钾肥的响应存在显著差异,在同一生长时期,随着钾素水平的提高,三七叶片Chl(a+b)含量、Pn、Gs、Tr均表现为先升高后降低趋势,Ci先降低后升高。全生育期三七叶片Chl(a+b)含量,Pn、Gs和Tr均与三七块茎产量呈显著正相关,Ci与三七块茎产量呈显著负相关。本试验条件下,施钾量为K_2O 675 kg/hm^2的K3处理时三七块茎的经济产量最高。Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of potassium levels（ K_2O 0,337. 5,450,675,1 012. 5 kg/hm^2） on chlorophyll（a ＋ b） content,photosynthetic characteristics of the Panax notoginseng leaves and storage root yield of two-year-old P. notoginseng. The results showed that application of potassium increased the content of chlorophyll（a ＋ b） in notoginseng leaves,and improved the net photosynthetic rate（Pn）,stomatal conductance（Gs） and transpiration rate（ Tr）. It also reduced the intercellular CO2 concentration（ Ci）,enhanced photosynthate production and accumulation,and increased storage root yield of P. notoginseng. The highest storage root yields were all appeared in K3 treatments（675 kg/hm^2）in different levels of K fertilizer. Compared with no potassium supplied one（ K0）,K3 treatments increased the yield of P. notoginseng by 17. 17%. The effects of potassium application on photosynthetic parameters were significantly different in different levels of K fertilizer. The content of chlorophyll（ a ＋ b） in notoginseng leaves,Pn,Gs and Tr had a trend experiencing increase to decrease,and the Ci had a trend experiencing decrease to increase with the increase of potassium application levels in the same growth period. During the whole growth period,storage root yield were all positively correlated with the Chl（a ＋ b）,Pn,Gs and Tr,but were all significantly negatively correlated with the Ci. Under the condition of this experiment,the highest economic yield occurred when the potassium application rate was K_2O 675 kg/hm^2.

关 键 词：钾水平 三七 光合特性 块茎产量 相关分析 

分 类 号：S143.3[农业科学—肥料学] S567.2[农业科学—农业基础科学]