马铃薯行株距比对光合特性及产量品质的影响  

Effects of Widening Row Spacing and Shortening Plant Spacing on the Photosynthetic Characteristics,Yield and Quality of Potato

作　　者：杨晓璐 杨航[1] 王季春[1] 安建刚[1] 陈隆通 王星 YANG Xiaolu;YANG Hang;WANG Jichun;AN Jiangang;CHEN Longtong;and WANG Xing(College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学农学与生物科技学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《园艺学报》2018年第8期1563-1574,共12页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金："十三五"重庆市薯类主题专项重大项目(CSTC2015shms-ztzx80002;CSTC2015shms-ztzx80003;CSTC2015shms-ztzx80004)

摘　　要：为了研究马铃薯在相同种植密度下高产优质最佳的行株距,采用37 500和60 000株·hm-2两种密度,通过扩大行距缩小株距,分别设置4个和7个行株距比处理,研究其对马铃薯茎叶干物质积累、光分布、光合特性、叶绿素荧光特性、产量及块茎淀粉、蛋白质、维生素C、还原糖含量的影响。结果表明:行株距比在低密度下为1.5、高密度下为2.5时,可提高茎叶干物质量、叶面积指数、叶绿素含量、净光合速率(P_n)、蒸腾速率(T_r)、气孔导度(G_s)、最大光能转化效率(F_v/F_m)、实际光化学量子效率(PSⅡ)、光化学猝灭系数(q_P)、鲜薯产量及其淀粉、维生素C、可溶性蛋白含量,而胞间CO_2浓度(Ci)、非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)和还原糖含量的变化规律与之相反。‘青薯9号’高产优质的行距/株距在37 500和60 000株·hm^(-2)种植密度下,分别为63.3 cm/42.2 cm和64.6 cm/25.8 cm。To provide theoretical basis of the optimal row and plant spacing for high yield and quality of potato under certain planting density,in this study,four and seven ratio of row spacing to plant spacing were applied under two planting densities of 3.75 × 10~4 and 6 × 10~4 plants · hm^（-2）,respectively,to identify the effect of widening row spacing and shortening plant spacing,which is to increase the ratio of row spacing to plant spacing,on dry matter weight,light distribution,photosynthetic characteristics,chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics,yield and starch,protein,vitamin C,reducing sugar content in potato cultivar Qingshu 9. The results showed that dry matter weight of stems and leaves,leaf area index,chlorophyll content,Pn,Tr,Gs,Fv/Fm,PSⅡ,qP,yield and content of starch,vitamin C,and soluble protein were significantly or extremely significantly increased under the low ratio of 1.5 or high ratio of 2.5 of row spacing to plant spacing,but Ci,NPQ and reducing sugar content exhibited opposite tendency. The optimal row spacing and plant spacing for potato cultivar Qingshu 9 to obtain high yield and good quality under the planting density of 3.75 × 10~4 and 6 × 10~4 plants · hm^（-2）,were 63.3 cm/42.2 cm and 64.6 cm/25.8 cm,respectively.

关 键 词：马铃薯 行株距比 光合特性 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]